PSY 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Jane Goodall, Critical Thinking, Uncorrelated Random Variables
Psychological Professionals !
•Psychiatrist – medical doctor; prescribe medications; not always up on psych!
•Psychoanalyst – practices psychoanalysis specialized training (M.D., Ph.D., Psy. D., Ed.)!
•Psychologist – no medical training but doctorate (Ph. D. or Psy. D.) Psychiatric social
worker !
•LCSW – Licensed Clinical Social Worker!
•MSW - Master of Social Work!
•LCPC – Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor!
•MFCC – Licensed Marriage, Family and Child Counselor!
What do psychologists do?!
•Provide health or mental health services “psychological practice”!
•Counseling psychologist: help people deal with everyday life!
•School psychologist: school performance; student, parent & teacher!
•Clinical psychologist: diagnose, treat & study mental / emotional problems; has
Ph.D., an Ed.D, or a Psy.D.!
•Teach and do research in colleges and universities!
•Basic psychology: “pure” research; knowledge for sake of knowledge!
•“How does peer pressure influence attitudes and behavior”!
•Applied psychology: direct practical significance; application of findings!
•How can knowledge of peer pressure reduce underage drinking?” •!
•Types of nonclinical specialties!
•Experimental psychologist: laboratory studies; learning, motivation & cognition!
•Educational psychologist: learning and improvement of school systems!
•Developmental psychologist: change and growth over time!
•Psychometric psychologist: design and evaluate tests!
•Psychology in the community!
•Conducting research or applying its findings in nonacademic settings (business, sports,
government, law, and military).!
•American Psychological Association (APA) - 53 divisions!
•Psychology of men!
•Psychology of women !
•Sports psychology!
•Gay and lesbian issues !
•Psychology and the law !
•Advertising!
Careers as a Psychologist!
•3 Main Types of Psychologist!
•Clinical Psychologists!
•Research Psychologists!
•Community !
•Law!
•Advertising!
Career Requirements !
•Completion of a doctoral program.!
•Licensure is required when working independently.!
•A one year internship for clinical.!
•Effective psychologists match career choice with personal temperament and aptitude.!
Clinical Psychologists!
•Clinical psychologists are the largest subfield.!
•Clinical psychologists help those who have difficulty functioning due to a crisis.!
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•Clients often have the goal to return to a previous level of functioning prior to the trauma
event.!
•Psychologists complete this work in community mental health centers, private practices,
hospitals and clinics. Clinical psychologists provide treatment in individual, group, couples
or family modalities.!
•Clinical psychologists are also part of interdisciplinary teams that collaborate with
physicians, nutritionists, physiotherapists, and social workers to implement treatment and
intervention programs.*!
Research Psychologists!
•Research or experimental psychologists study the behaviors of humans and animals. *!
•Research psychologists formulate hypotheses and collect data to test their validity.!
•Experimental research is conducted on topics that include motivation, learning, memory,
sensory and perceptual processes, effects of substance abuse, as well as genetic and
neurological factors affecting behavior.**!
•This research can be completed in a laboratory setting where the variables of the study can
be controlled, while other research can be completed in vivo where behavior is studied as it
occurs naturally.!
•Researchers also work collaboratively on multidiscipline !
Job Trends!
• Jobs for psychologist are expected to grow faster than average.!
• The median salaries for these careers were reported between $59,000 and $86,000.!
•The salaries for research psychologists were higher than those for clinical psychologists.!
Salary for Clinical Psychologist!
• The median annual salary for clinical psychologists in May 2006 was $59,440.!
• The middle 50 percent earned between $45,300 and $77,750.!
• The lowest 10 percent earned less than $35,280.!
•The highest 10 percent earned more than $102,730. !
Psychology: The Science!
•Why Psychologists use the scientific method.!
•Scientific Method: a system of gathering data so that bias and error in measurement are
reduced.!
!
Scientific Method!
1. Perceiving the Question – You notice something interesting happening and would like an
explanation. • You wonder if violent cartoons create aggressive behavior in children.!
2. Form a Hypothesis!
•A tentative explanation of a phenomenon based on observations.!
•“Children who watch violent cartoon will become aggressive” !
3. Test Hypothesis!
•Choose a method to gather informationLook for information that proves or disproves your
hypothesis !
4. Draw Conclusions!
•Will show if hypothesis is supported or unsupported (both are important)!
•Statistical operations on raw data to determine if results by chance.!
5. Report Your Result!
• Write exactly what you did so study can be replicated.!
Types of Studies!
A. Descriptive!
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find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Psychological professionals: psychiatrist medical doctor; prescribe medications; not always up on psych, psychoanalyst practices psychoanalysis specialized training (m. d. , ph. d. , psy. D. , ed. : psychologist no medical training but doctorate (ph. Lcsw licensed clinical social worker: msw - master of social work. Lcpc licensed clinical professional counselor: mfcc licensed marriage, family and child counselor. Teach and do research in colleges and universities: basic psychology: pure research; knowledge for sake of knowledge. How does peer pressure in uence attitudes and behavior : applied psychology: direct practical signi cance; application of ndings, how can knowledge of peer pressure reduce underage drinking? . Experimental psychologist: laboratory studies; learning, motivation & cognition. 3 main types of psychologist: clinical psychologists, research psychologists, community, advertising. Career requirements: completion of a doctoral program, a one year internship for clinical. E ective psychologists match career choice with personal temperament and aptitude.
