PHYS 1023 Lecture Notes - Lecture 28: Depleted Uranium, Gas Centrifuge, Fat Man

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lilacdolphin866

3 Jan 2017

School

University of Arkansas

Department

Physics

Course

PHYS 1023

Professor

Tamara Snyder

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Document Summary

Ssion splitting fusion joining two small nuclei fused together to make a larger one nuclear energy is converted to thermal energy and radio (?) energy. Ssion fusion wanting a lot of energy quick hydrogen + hydrogen helium types of hydrogen hydrogen (one proton) 99. 98% hydrogen deuterium (one proton and one neutron) 0. 02% hydrogen tritium (one proton and two neutrons) less than 0. 02% hydrogen radioactive. Marshallese were allowed to immigrate to the united states because they had to evacuate the marshall islands because of nuclear testing - they are either unable or afraid to go back fusion power plants. Ssion power plants current technology being used now producing electricity lots of highly radioactive waste. 25% nuclear energy to generate electricity plutonium is produced when u-238 (the one that does not ssion) absorbs a neutron and beta decays twice nuclear ssion and bombs. Hiroshima bombs were equivalent to 12,000 - 13,000 tons of tnt (a uranium bomb)

Related Questions

The Sun is powered by nuclear fusion. In each chain reaction, four hydrogen nuclei fuse together to become a single helium nucleus. The total combined mass of the individual hydrogen nuclei before the reaction is greater than the mass of the helium nucleus. The mass lost as a result of this chain reaction is turned into energy according to Einstein’s famous equation, E = mc² (Chapter 39). Consider the first part of the chain reaction in which two hydrogen nuclei (each a single proton) fuse. Figure P8.56A shows the potential energy curve of a two-proton system. The energy in this graph is given in keV, where “eV” is the abbreviation for the unit electron-volt and 1 eV = 1.6 × 10−19 J. When the protons are more than about 2 fm (2 × 10−15 m) apart, the potential energy is positive. When the protons are close together, the potential energy is negative, and the protons are fused. Figure P8.56B shows a close-up of the potential energy curve when the protons are far apart.

a. What is the minimum mechanical energy required for the two protons to fuse? Give your answer in keV.
b. The mechanical energy of an average two-proton system in the Sun is around 2 keV. What is the minimum distance between the protons in such a system?
c. Explain why it seems impossible for fusion to take place in the Sun. Note: Of course, fusion must take place in the Sun. Although it seems impossible according to classical mechanics, quantum mechanics (Part VI) makes fusion possible. According to quantum mechanics, the seemingly impossible is merely improbable, and even events with a low probability of occurrence may still happen. Because there are so many protons in the Sun, there is a good chance that at any moment many of them will fuse.

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PHYS 1023 Lecture Notes - Lecture 28: Depleted Uranium, Gas Centrifuge, Fat Man

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