ANT 1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Fleeming Jenkin, Blending Inheritance, Gregor Mendel
Document Summary
Mitosis is the process by which somatic cells replicate. This is how organisms grow and how they replace dead or damaged cells. 2 daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the original cell (diploid) Meiosis is the process by which sex cells (gametes = sperm or eggs) are formed. Daughter cells (gametes) have only one chromosome from each original pair (haploid) When gametes fuse (through sexual reproduction) they create a zygote with a full set of chromosomes (diploid) During meiosis, crossing over occurs between paired chromosomes. This allows for independent assortment of genes on the same chromosome. He didn"t know about genes yet either, but he hypothesized discrete particles played a key role in the mechanism of inheritance. Unfortunately, his work (though published) went unnoticed for 40 years. Mendel"s pea experiments: focused on traits that have two clear forms (discontinuous variants): o green vs. yellow peas o. Cultivated true breeding lines and then studied the results of crosses.
