BIS 2A Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Electron Acceptor, Pyruvate Dehydrogenase, Citric Acid Cycle
Oxidation of Pyruvate and the TCA Cycle
●involves NAD+ and coenzyme A (CoA)
●oxidizes pyruvate and lead to a loss of one carbon via decarboxylation
●creates a new molecule called acetyl-CoA
○involved in the Krebs Cycle or Tricarboxylic Acid (TCA) cycle
Different Fates of Pyruvate and Other End Products of Glycolysis
●end products:
○2 pyruvate molecules
○ 2 ATPs
○2 NADH molecules
●Fates of ATP and NADH
○ATP
■used for other cellular functions (biosynthesis, transport, replication,
etc)
○NADH
■Fermentation: cell recycles NADH back to NAD+
ーelectrons initially taken from the glucose derivatives are
returned to more downstream products via red/ox transfer
or
ーNADH donate electrons to the electron transport chain
●Fate of Cellular Pyruvate
○used as terminal electron acceptor in fermentation
○secreted as waste
○further oxidized for free energy
○intermediate compound
The Further Oxidation of Pyruvate
●Conversion of Pyruvate into Acetyl-CoA
○catalyzed by enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase
○pyruvate is oxidized by NAD+, decarboxylated, and covalently linked to a
molecule of coenzyme A via a thioester bond
○results in a loss of mass from the cell as CO2 diffuses or is transported out of
the cell as a waste product
○one molecule of NAD+ is reduced to NADH during this process per molecule
of pyruvate oxidized
○end products: CO2 as waste + one molecule of NADH
Document Summary
Oxidizes pyruvate and lead to a loss of one carbon via decarboxylation. Involved in the krebs cycle or tricarboxylic acid (tca) cycle. Different fates of pyruvate and other end products of glycolysis. Used for other cellular functions (biosynthesis, transport, replication, etc) Fermentation: cell recycles nadh back to nad+ Electrons initially taken from the glucose derivatives are returned to more downstream products via red/ox transfer or. Nadh donate electrons to the electron transport chain. Used as terminal electron acceptor in fermentation. Pyruvate is oxidized by nad+, decarboxylated, and covalently linked to a molecule of coenzyme a via a thioester bond. Results in a loss of mass from the cell as co2 diffuses or is transported out of the cell as a waste product. One molecule of nad+ is reduced to nadh during this process per molecule of pyruvate oxidized. End products: co2 as waste + one molecule of nadh. Bacteria and archaea: occurs in cytosol eukaryotes: occurs in mitochondria.