BIO SCI E151 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Varus Deformity

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coffeezebra615

1 Jul 2016

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Let"s look at ctl, killer t cells: kill infected cells and suppress virus replication. When they see infected cells, they will replicate: they also die at a certain rate, kill infected cell, p, we have an additional component of cell death for infected cells. We also have ctl induced death, p: di/dt = bsv [ai] piz, ai: natural death, piz: ctl induced death. The c is the division of t-cells: prey equation, piz is the functional response. Functional response: describes the amount of prey eaten by one predator as a function of prey density: dz/dt = ciz - bz. If number of infected cells is too low, then the response fails. Let"s look at two scenarios: low/high ctl death rate. Insight obtained from population dynamics type of thinking. Each infected cell produces viruses at a certain rate. K : but now this rate is reduced if there is z around.

Related Questions

1.T cytoxic cells bear a receptor that is used to identify it distinctly from other immune cells. The receptor is know as cluster of differentiation CD-----------.

2. place the immunity concepts in order referencing basic immunity organization levels lines of Defense 1,2,3

A. HCL or Tears
B. Engulfing pathogens or Fever
C. Infected cell killing or immunoglobulin prosuction

3.Opsonizationot is best represented by this matching pair.

A. natural killer human cell with virus
B. Ts down regulate immune responses
C. B, cell Fc antibody class
D. neutrophils serrations marrescens
E. CD4+CXCR4 co-receptor binding and entry

4. what is the HIV protein that is involved in attachment of the virus to human immune cells?

5. identify the HIV antiviral drug that would stop the virus from exiting the helper Tcell.

isentres

retro vir

crixivan

mouse enzyme

selzentry

6. The maim type of immune cell infected by HIV are the -----------cells in the course of an infection.

7.All of the following are physical barriers to pathogens except

unbroken skin

mucous

hairs

tears

t cellso

8. B cells are activated by?

9. plasma cell best description?

function in cell mediated immunity

are derived from T lymphocytes

produce and secrete antibodies

responsible for making complement protein

10. when does the lectin pathway for the complement systems achieved it's goal

1. it begins with antibodies similar to the classical pathway

2. the goal happen during a lost of function

3. once C3 breaks a part the 3 goalso of the complement system begin

4. when complement protein B,D and P , are attracted to the pathogen

1.) After receiving a vaccine containing a particlesfrom a dead virus (not able to infect cells) and an adjuvant, onewould expect a person to have increased inflammation, NK cellactivity and interferon secretion at the injection site. True orFalse, and why?

2.) If a person's Helper T cells were able to beactivated and were able to clonally expand, but were unable tosecrete cytokines, that person would be more susceptible to bothbacterial and viral infections because of decreased reponses ofCytotoxic T cells and B cells. True or False, and why?

3.)A person suffering from AIDS and a person sufferingfrom a primary immune deficiency could both have low numbers ofCD4-expressing Helper T cells, but a person suffering from anautoimmune disease probably would not. True or False, andwhy?

4.)All of the macrophages in an otherwisehealthy human are infected with a virus. The virus is able to usethe macrophage's enzymes to produce more viral particles, but itdoes not kill the macrophages. Will the macrophage be able toactivate Helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells, or both? Explain youranswer. Be sure to include a description of the interactionsbetween viral antigens, MHC molecules and TCRs found on themacrophage and/or T cells in your answer. True or False,and why?

crimsonalligator367

1. during inflamation fluid will passively diffuse out of blod vessels into the nearby infected tissue. This implies all of the following EXCEPT

a.the osmolarity of the fluid surrounding infected tissues is higher than the plasma b the surrounding tissue will swell with excessive fluids c near by cappilaries have become more pearmeable d B-lymphocyte will differeniate to become plasma cell

2. which of the following best describe the qualities of most antigens?

a macromolecules that are foreign to the host b atomic elements that are not normally present in the human body c macromolecules tah tare produced by the host organism d atomic elements that are harmful or toxic

3. an adbantages to adaptive immunity is

a its memory cell that provide quicker larger and more efficient immune response upon second exposure to an antigen b its need for several cells to be activated over several days on first exposure c the ability for its individul cells to respond to many differnt pathogens d the use of antibodies that cause cells lysis and kill invading cells

4, an advantages of innate immunity is

a its a barrier taht prevent pathogens from entering into the body b the specifcity of its individual cell which specialize in the removal on one type of antigen c the numerous step in the activation of its cell that can prevent autoimmune disease d the use of the antibodies to cause cell lysis and kill invading cell

5. B- lymphocytes are categorized as part of the adaptive branch of the immune sys for all of the following reason but one Which of the following is NOT one part of reason B lyphocytes are considered part of the adaptive immunity?

a they produce memory cell when activated b their receptors will bind to only one antigen c they require costimulation from an activated T helper cell d thet are a first line of defense that can begin killing

6. Over lap in the innate and adaptive immune sys is seen in all of the following examples but one Which of the following examples does NOT illustrate the over lap of innate and adaptive immune resposes ??? a dendritic cell presenting antigen on their MHC II proteins to T helper cells b macrophage becoming activated macrophages in response to cytokines realesed by T helper cells c natural killer cell causing of an abnoraml host cell lacking MHC proteins d Plasma cell that produce large amounts of IgE that will ultimetly allow mast cell to relase histamine

7. Which of the following examples below describe an autoimmune disease? a infection and death of T helper cells bya virus resulting in a loss of adaptive immunity b realse of bacterial endotoxins that block acetylcholine realse result is muscle paralysis c antibody binding to acetylcholine receptors of hte motor end palte resulting in muscle weakness.d uncontrolled cell division resulting in cell surface abnormalities recognized by natural killer cell.

8. Which of he following does NOT describe actions of interferon IFN? a virally infected cell can release interferon which attracts natural killer cell to attack and kill the IFN secreting cell b IFN binds to normal uninfected cell stimulating the activation of genes that produce anti viral proteins c IFN will attract macrophages to the secreting cell to be removed bt phagocytosis d IFN can penetrate the virla capsid and destroy the virus

BIO SCI E151 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Varus Deformity

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