HSC 3537 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Hypoparathyroidism, Hypopituitarism, Corticosteroid
Document Summary
Parathyroid glands (four glands: adrenal glands (one pair) Pituitary gland: ovaries (one pair, testes (one pair) Triiodothyronine (t3): thyroid hormones aid cells in their uptake of oxygen and regulate metabolic rate, calcitonin: stimulates calcium to leave the blood and enter the bone. Parathyroid function: parathyroid hormone (pth): causes calcium to mobilize from bones into the bloodstream. Each gland has two parts: an outer portion, the adrenal cortex. Secretes corticosteriods or steriods, chemicals derived from cholesterol: an inner portion, adrenal medulla. Secretes catecholamines chemicals derived from amino acids. Adrenal cortex secretes: glucocorticoids: influence metabolism of sugars, fats, and proteins (cortisol) and are anti-inflammatory (cortisone). Sex hormones: androgens (testosterone) and estrogens influence secondary sex characteristics: two types of catecholamine hormones. Epinephrine (adrenaline): increases heart rate and blood pressure, dilates bronchial tubes, releases glucose from storage. Norepinephrine (noradrenaline): constricts vessels to raise blood pressure. Pancreas: located near and partially behind the stomach, exocrine and endocrine organ.
