HSC 4555 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Hematuria, Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Apoptosis
Document Summary
Chapter 11: malignant disorders of white blood cells. And lymphoid neoplasms, and general principles of management. Classification of the types of leukemia is based on cell type involved (lymphoid or myeloid) and degree of cell maturation. Common myeloid neoplasms include cml, polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, and aml. Common lymphoid neoplasms include chronic lymphoid leukemia (cll), acute lymphoblastic leukemia, plasma cell myeloma, hodgkin disease, and various forms of non-hodgkin lymphoma. Risk factors for the development of hematologic neoplasms include exposure to chemical, viral, and radiation mutagens; chemotherapy drugs; and immunodeficiency disorders. Common manifestations of hematologic neoplasia are the result of insufficient production of normal white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets, as evidenced by leukopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Anemia manifests as pallor, fatigue, dyspnea, and decreased activity tolerance. Thrombocytopenia causes petechiae, bleeding gums, hematuria, and prolonged bleeding time. Other manifestations may occur with infiltration of tissues and organs. These include weight loss, anorexia, lymphadenopathy, bone pain, and cns dysfunction.
