PNB 2265 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Pylorus, Enterochromaffin-Like Cell, Histamine Receptor
31 Mar 2017
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Anatomy division: cardia, fundus, body: wide portion, biggest, antrum: connects to duodenum of small intestine, pyloric sphincter. Functional division: proximal reservoir, cardia, fundus, body, store contents of meals, needs to be expandable, rugae: stomach increase in volume by rugae flattening out, distal, antrum, pyloric sphincter, pump, grinder. Specializations: rugae, oblique layer, extra layer of smooth muscle, more forceful contractions allow mix of food with gastric juices and movement to small intestine. Secretions: hydrochloric acid (hcl: parietal cells of gastric glands. Gastric secretions by cell type: gastric pit in mucosa layer, chief cells, pepsinogen (pepsin precursor) (zygomen, parietal cells, hcl (ph, catalyst) Intrinsic factor (b12 absorption: mucus cells, mucus, g-cells, gastrin, d-cells, somatostatin, ecl cells, histamine. Regulation of hcl diagram: parietal cell: makes the acid, chloride channel on apical membrane, h/k/atpase on apical membrane, form hcl in lumen, hcl important catalyst, chief cell: makes the enzyme, pepsinogen (zymogen: inactive)
