ESS 3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Ketone Bodies, Adipose Tissue, Hypertension
18 Oct 2016
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Document Summary
Diabetes mellitus affects how the body uses blood glucose. Left untreated, life-threatening: body"s ability to use glucose severely limited, dramatic weight loss, eventually coma and death. In 1922, researchers purified the hormone insulin: when injected, patients improved. Moves glucose from blood into cells: glucagon and epinephrine. A hormone secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas in response to increased blood levels of glucose. Assists in maintaining blood glucose by increasing the movement of proteins. A hormone secreted by the pancreas in response to decreased blood levels of glucose. Acts in an opposite way to insulin. It causes the liver to convert its stored glycogen into glucose which is secreted into the bloodstream and transported to the cells for energy. Glucagon also assists in the breakdown of body proteins. Diabetes is related to abnormal utilization and regulation of glucose by the body. Three major forms of diabetes: type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes (diabetes during pregnancy)
