LING 15 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Animacy, Cultural Learning, Oceanic Languages
Document Summary
Zulu, xhosa (bantu) acquired clicks from khoisan languages. Vietnamese, thai, hmong, burmese: complex tone; 4 languages not related to each other; complex tone arose in one of the languages & spread via contact. Regions dense with mutually influential languages; languages shared unusual traits by contact (not inheritance); no single language emerged as dominant/acrolectal. There were humans and non ie languages from ireland to sri lanka. Color: universal spectrum, divide conceptual space differently (blue, green, glue) The cat died- intransitive (only one participant- the cat); single argument. The dog killed the cat- transitive (2 participants- dog and cat); subject and object of transitive sentence. I died- i is (cid:373)e(cid:374)tio(cid:374)ed i(cid:374) (cid:374)o(cid:373)i(cid:374)ati(cid:448)e. I killed him- i is (cid:373)e(cid:374)tio(cid:374)ed i(cid:374) (cid:374)o(cid:373)i(cid:374)ati(cid:448)e. He killed me- do(cid:374)"t ha(cid:448)e i; (cid:373)e is o(cid:271)je(cid:272)t. Pragmatic: what can infer based on context. Do(cid:374)"t let the door hit (cid:455)ou o(cid:374) the (cid:449)a(cid:455) out se(cid:373)a(cid:374)ti(cid:272): door (cid:449)ill hurt you, pragmatic: get out.
