LING 15 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Loanword, Khoisan Languages, Calque
Document Summary
5/3: words for big" have bigger vowels and vice versa, lukuruu: big, lekeree: small. Coffee (borrowed: yemeni arabic: qahweh, borrowed into ottoman turkish: kahve, turkish italians: caff , word refers to same general concept (drink made from bean. Italian french, spanish: caf that"s soaked in water) but stress pattern is diff. In n america; stress borrowed word tells whether english or. French is source: salish languages usually calque borrowings. "car" [p"ip"uifn] = it has wrinkled paws" (tracks on car tires) Chaturanga (borrowed: precursor to chess in india, spread to persia & middle east. Xadrez, ajedrez: sounds can change and so can concept. Stop, limit something; to counter an opponent in soccer or hockey: determine accuracy. Confirm item on an account, document to promise money; the mark you make on a list: bill, receipt. Borrowing does not block reconstruction: certain cognates are v typical, highly frequent words more likely to be inherited.
