POL S 6 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Manifest Destiny, Ethnic Conflict, Authoritarianism
POP QUIZ
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Review of last week
What is a state?
An organization that has a monopoly of force in defined territory,
having legitimate institutions that help exercise power and
implement policy
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State strength is the extent to which a state can administer policy in its
territory
i.e. protecting borders, implement policies, collect taxes, maintain
the rule of law, etc.
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Strong states:
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Weak states:
i..e Syria, Pakistan
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Failed states: state that completely fails to exercise power
i.e. Afghanistan, Somalia
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What is a regime?
Rules and norms by which the state administers policy
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i.e. democracy and authoritarianism
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Government: people in power
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Ethnic identity vs. citizenship/patriotism
Ethnic Identity/ethnicity
Shared institutions that bind a group of people
Institutions such as language, religion, history
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i.e. Jews bound together by Judaism, Hebrew, history, etc.
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Specific attributes and societal institutions that make one group of
people culturally different from others
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Ascriptive: assigned at birth, born with it
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Problems that can arise
Inequality
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Resource wars (ethnic groups
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Superiority complexes -- leading to ethnic cleansing/genocide
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Ethnic conflict
A conflict in which different groups struggle to achieve
certain political or economic goals at each other's
expense
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i.e. Rwanda, Balkans
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Why does ethnic conflict happen? Why do some states
prevent or manage it better than others?
i.e. why do some states have genocide and why
do others not?
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History - affecting perception, recent and small-
scale conflicts are more manageable
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National conflict: a conflict in which one or more groups
within a country develop clear aspirations for political
independence, clashing with others as a result
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Distinguishing ethnic groups from nations
Nation: a group that desires self-government through an
independent state
i.e. Palestinians are a nation.. Ethnic group seeking a state□
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Nationalism: pride in one's people and the belief that they have a
unique political identity
Pride in ethnic group as well□
Spiritual element of manifest destiny
Believing the nation will become a state
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Connected with ethnic identity (which is ascriptive - assigned
at birth)
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Citizenship/patriotism
An individual's relationship to the state, wherein citizens swear
allegiance to that state and the state in return is obligated to
provide rights to those citizens
Obligations from citizen to state: military service, paying
taxes, etc.
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Obligations from state to citizen: military protection, certain
freedoms
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Fluid
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Patriotism: pride in one's state or political system
i.e. American's being proud of democracy□
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Section 2
Tuesday, April 17, 2018
9:11 AM
Document Summary
An organization that has a monopoly of force in defined territory, having legitimate institutions that help exercise power and implement policy. State strength is the extent to which a state can administer policy in its territory i. e. protecting borders, implement policies, collect taxes, maintain the rule of law, etc. Failed states: state that completely fails to exercise power i. e. afghanistan, somalia. Rules and norms by which the state administers policy i. e. democracy and authoritarianism. Shared institutions that bind a group of people. Institutions such as language, religion, history i. e. jews bound together by judaism, hebrew, history, etc. Specific attributes and societal institutions that make one group of people culturally different from others. A conflict in which different groups struggle to achieve certain political or economic goals at each other"s expense i. e. rwanda, balkans. History - affecting perception, recent and small- scale conflicts are more manageable.
