PSYC 181 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor, Ion Channel, Diglyceride
Document Summary
Ions flow down concentration gradient: rapid, rapidly reversible, examples: nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Coupled to chloride channel: chloride flows in to become more negatively charged. G protein-coupled receptors: large family all with 7 membrane-spanning regions, receptor coupled to g protein, and g protein stimulates effector, slower than ion-coupled, but could have longer lasting effects. Two classes of g protein-coupled receptors: g protein directly coupled to ion channel: effector is ion channel, g protein coupled to 2nd messenger system: effector is enzyme that promotes formation of intracellular second messenger. Examples of g protein-coupled receptors: cholinergic muscarinic, gabab, 5-ht, opioid, dopamine, norepin- second messengers, calcium, cgmp, phosphoinositides (ip3, diacylglycerol, camp: cyclic adenosine 3,5-monophosphate. Protein phosphorylation: changes structure/function of protein, consequence depends on function of protein. Gene regulation: second messengers can alter gene regulation. 2 phases of gene activation initial phase. Protein products initiate 2nd phase induction of immediate-early genes (iegs: second phase induction of late-onset genes.
