BISC207 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Nitrogenous Base, Dna Supercoil, Cytosine

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byzantiumplatypus902

14 Oct 2018

School

University of Delaware

Department

Biological Sciences

Course

BISC207

Professor

Olabisi

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Document Summary

It is a molecule that encodes the genetic material of all living things and specifies the structure and function of those living things. List and describe: composed of nucleotides, nucleotides consist of, 5 carbon sugar, carbon 1: where base connects to the rest of the molecule, carbon 2: where the major difference between dna and. The bases attach to the nitrogen in the nucleotide: adenine (a, guanine (g, thymine (t, cytosine (c, phosphate group: attaches to the sugar molecule and base, phosphodiester bonds connect the individual nucleotides together to create a chain/polymer. Dna is packaged by the use of histones. This allows the dna to loop, fold and coil so it fits easily i(cid:374)to the (cid:272)ell. Dna (cid:272)a(cid:374) (cid:271)e e(cid:448)e(cid:374) further packaged by the process of supercoiling. After these two processes, dna (being in the highly compacted state) arranges into chromosomes.

Related Questions

Question 1: (Select all that apply) Nucleotides are composed of which of the following?

A) A sugar molecule

B) DNA

C) Nitrogen-containing base

D) Phosphate group

QUESTION 2 (Select all that apply) Which is true about telomerase?

A) adds a short sequence to the 3â end of a chromosome

B) is NOT needed to complete DNA replication

C) is required to maintain telomere structure

D) contains an RNA template for telomere structure

Question 3: DNA polymerase III CANNOT start synthesizing DNA without a free 3â end of a nucleotide, which, in DNA replication, is an RNA nucleotide primer synthesized by DNA ____________. (fill in the blank)

cerisemuskrat602

QUESTION 1. Compared to eukaryotic genomes, only prokaryotic genomes:

A. contain DNA organized by histones.

B. contain usually one, circular chromosome.

C. contain plasmid DNA.

D. have chromosomes contained in a nucleus.

QUESTION 2. Azathioprine is a drug that may be prescribed to transplant recipients to reduce the chance of tissue rejection reactions. In its active state, it acts as a purine analogue, inhibiting DNA biosynthesis. This means that 6-mercaptopurine will be inserted in place of a purine containing nucleotides during DNA replication. Given this drug's mode of action, you would expect it to be incorporated into DNA in place of:

A. nucleotides containing guanine or cytosine.

B. nucleotides containing adenine or thymine.

C nucleotides containing adenine or guanine.

D. nucleotides containing guanine nucleotide or uracil.

QUESTION 3. RNA is distinguished from DNA because only RNA:

A. typically exists as a single-stranded molecule.

B. has a 3' to 5' directionality.

C. is composed of nucleotides that contain the sugar deoxyribose.

D. is composed of nucleotides that contain the nitrogen bases T, C, G, and A.

QUESTION 4. How are RNA nucleotides different from DNA nucleotides? To be marked correct, you'll need to select all true statements, as there may be more than one correct answer.

A. RNA nucleotides do not contain thymine.

B. RNA nucleotides use the sugar ribose, while DNA nucleotides do not.

C. RNA nucleotides lack phosphate.

D. RNA nucleotides incorporate pyrimidine nitrogen bases, while DNA nucleotides only incorporate purine nitrogen bases.

The term replication refers to DNA's abilityto

a. attack bacteriaphages

b. make copies of itself

c. respond to X-ray photography

d. twist into a helix

Meselson and Stahl performed thedensity-gradient centrifugation of DNA in a solution of calciumchloride.

a. True

b. False