BISC207 Lecture Notes - Lecture 43: Cystic Fibrosis, Germ Cell, Silent Mutation
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BISC207 Full Course Notes
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Cell division: the process by which a single cell becomes 2 daughter cells. 2 daughter cells must each receive the full complement of genetic material (dna) present in the single parent cell. Parent cells must be large enough to divide and still contribute sufficient cytoplasmic components such as proteins, lipids, & macromolecules to each cell. Eukaryotic cells: mitosis (divide nucleus) and cytokinesis (divide cytoplasm: karyokinesis: chromosomes. 23 pairs of chromosomes = 46 chromosomes = 2n = diploid. 23 = sex cells chromosomes: physical structure of dna in nucleus. Homologous chromosomes: pairs of chromosomes matching in size and appearance, carry the same set of genes (one from mother one from father) Kinetochores: where microtubules from mitotic spindles attach; ensures each sister chromatid is attached to a microtubule radiating from one pole of the cell. Cleavage furrow: indentation of cells surface before cytokinesis (animal cells)