GEOG106 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Mount Vesuvius, Extrusive Rock, Volcanism
11 Apr 2017
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Tectonism- a general term that refers to such deformation of earth"s crust. Shield: broad, gently sloping mountains, much broader than high size varies greatly. Composite: steep-sides symmetrical cone; heights to over 3700 m. Results when rock is subjected to lateral compression. Two types: anticline- up-fold, can be forced to have reverse orientation, an overturned fold, syncline- down-fold, over-thrust fold. Breaking apart of rock structures, occurs when rock is broken with accompanying displacement. Occurs along zones of weakness in the crust, such areas referred to as a fault zone, and the intersection of that zone with earths surface is called a fault line. Movement of crust along a fault zone is sometimes very slow, but it commonly occurs as sudden ruptures; can result in large (hundreds of km) faults over millions of years.
