NTDT305 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Semen Analysis, Clomifene, Isoflavones
16 Dec 2018
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Document Summary
Inadequate body fat and fertility: needed for reproductive functions, obesity, high exercise levels. Weight loss and fertility in females: weight loss exceeding 25% percent of usual weight decreases estrogen, lh, and fsh, amenorrhea, anovulatory cycles, treatment with fertility drug clomid is not effective in underweight women. Nutrient status and fertility: antioxidant status and fertility, no reliable conclusions. Zinc status and fertility in men: deficiency can impair normal functions, soy isoflavones and fertility, related to reduced sperm count in men and decreased fertility in women. Intense physical activity and fertility: delay menarche. The time around conception: one month before conception through three months after conception, critical period: when nutritional and other exposures can impact conception, pregnancy maintenance, and the growth, development, and health of the offspring. Folate status prior to conception: neural tube defects, oral facial defect, urinary tract defect, heart defect, recommended dietary intakes for preconceptional women, some individuals have an increased need for folate due to specific gene variants.
