NTDT401 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Palmitoyl-Coa, Methylmalonyl-Coa, Avidin
30 Sep 2016
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2 rings (ureido and thiophene) and a valeric acid side chain, where it bonds to lysine at the end. Coenzyme form biotin + lysine residue + enzyme. Bound to a protein = biocytin (absorbable form) [aka biotinyllysine] Proteolytic enzymes --> will yield biocytin or free biotin. Enzyme, biotinidase, hydrolyzes biocytin to free biotin + lysine to improve absorption. In infants and children, causes seizures, ataxia, skin rash, acidosis. Absorbed into body or excreted as feces. Co2 added to biotin, which connects co2-n = compound w/ enzyme and lysine at bottom. Chain connecting biotin and apoenzyme is long and flexible = allows biotin to move from one active site to another. Biotin dependent enzymes: acetyl coa carboxylase, pyruvate carboxylase, propionyl coa carboxylase, b-methylcrotonyl coa carboxylase. Co2 + atp + acetyl coa --> adp + malonyl coa. Activated by citrate & isocitrate; inhibited by palmitoyl coa (final product of fa synthesis) Adds a carboxyl group to pyruvate, forming oaa.
