PHIL202 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Immanuel Kant, Deontological Ethics, Robert Nozick
18 Feb 2017
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Proof: questions about ends are questions about what things are desirable, the utilitarian doctrine is that happiness is the only thing desirable as an end. All other things are desirable only as means to that end. Proof for utilitarianism: the only proof capable of being given that an object is visible is that people actually see it. The only proof that a sound is audible is that people hear it: and so of the other sources of our experience. In a like manner, i apprehend, the sole evidence it is possible to produce that anything is desirable, is that people do actually desire it. Immanuel kant: to construct a pure moral philosophy, perfectly cleared of everything which is only empirical (contrast: mill) A good will is good not because of what it performs or effects, not by its aptness for the attainments of some proposed end, but simply by virtue of the volition.
