BSC 2010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Lysogenic Cycle, Dna Replication, Prophage

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cyanprairie-dog5

14 Mar 2016

School

University of Florida

Department

Biology - Biological Sciences

Course

BSC 2010

Professor

Chen Sixue

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Document Summary

Phage reproduction: lytic and lysogenic: bacteriophage- viruses that attack bacterial hosts, lytic reproduction kills the host cell by lysis. Phage that reproduce only by lytic reproduction are called virulent phage. Phage binds to surface receptor on host. Host"s metabolic machinery used to make phage protein and. Phage encodes lysozyme production, cell lyses, new phage released: lysogenic reproduction replicates phage genome along with host genome without killing host. Phage that can reproduce by either reproduction are called temperate phage. Phage dna integrates into bacterial chromosome by crossing-over, via phage integrase: integrated phage called prophage. May stay stably integrated for many generations. Occasionally the prophage is removed from the host genome via phage excisionase, lytic cycle ensues. Genetics of prokaryotes: bacteria have a single circular chromosomes. Many bacteria have plasmids (self-replicating elements that can integrate into the chromosomes and which contain only a few genes: very few introns, no spliceosome, recombination. Recombination is extremely common in bacteria and viruses.

Related Questions

QUESTION 1: The rabies virus primarily affects the nervous system. The specificity that the rabies virus has for neuronal host cells is primarily dictated by __________________________.

A. the helical shape of its viral capsid

B. the type of nucleic acid used for its viral genome (single-stranded, antisense RNA)

C. the spikes that protrude from its viral envelope

D. the segmented nature of its viral genome

QUESTION 2: Which of the following genome types has been observed in viruses? To be marked correct, you'll need to select all true statements, as there may be more than one correct answer.

A. Single-stranded RNA

B. Single-stranded DNA

C. Double-stranded RNA

D. Protein-based

QUESTION 3: Choose the correct statement about viral evolution.

A. RNA and DNA viral genomes evolve at equal rates.

B. Cellular genomes mutate at a faster rate than viral genomes due to their large size and increased chance of replicative mistakes.

C. DNA viruses mutate faster than RNA viruses because thymine is more susceptible to mutation than uracil.

D. RNA viruses mutate faster than DNA viruses due to a lack of proofreading replicative enzymes.

QUESTION 4: Your elderly patient is affected by shingles. After careful observation, you note that the virus responsible for the infection has an icosahedral capsid, is enveloped, and has double-stranded linear DNA as its genetic material. Based on this information, in which of the following viral families would you group this viral pathogen?

QUESTION 5: Which of the following is a key difference between lytic and lysogenic bacteriophage replication cycles?

A. Lysogenic bacteriophages release via host cell lysis, whereas lytic bacteriophages bud off from the host cell membrane.

B. The lytic replication cycle ends with host cell lysis and release of newly formed bacteriophage particles, whereas lysogenic replication leads to prophage formation.

C. Lytic replication requires an uncoating step, whereas in lysogenic replication, the bacteriophage's nucleic acid is directly injected into the host cell.

D. Whereas lytic replication enables the infection of several hosts, lysogenic replication only allows for infection of a single host cell.

QUESTION 6: Which of the following is an unsuitable culture method for an animal virus?

A. Direct inoculation of virus onto blood agar

B. Live animal inoculation

C. Tissue culture method

D. Injection of virus into embryonated eggs

BSC 2010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Lysogenic Cycle, Dna Replication, Prophage

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