ANSC 221 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Proteome, Cell Membrane, Endomembrane System
29 Aug 2016
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Document Summary
Organelle: membrane-bound compartment with its own unique structure and function. Shape, size, and organization pf cells vary among different species and even among different cell types of the same species. The proteome determines the characteristics of a cell. Identical dna in different cells but different proteomes. The proteome of a cell determines its structure and function. Gene regulation, amount of protein, amino acid sequence of a particular protein, and protein modification can influence a cell"s proteome. Proteomes in healthy cells are different from the proteomes of diseased or tumor cells. Information within a gene is ultimately translated into the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide. Messenger rna (mrna)- information to make a polypeptide. Region of a eukaryotic cell that is outside the cell organelles but inside the plasma membrane typically 20-50% of volume. Cytoplasm includes everything inside the plasma membrane: cytosol, the endomembrane system and the semiautonomous organelles. Catabolism- breakdown of a molecule into smaller components.
