IPHS 399 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Parasitic Disease, Hepatitis D, Symptom
5 Mar 2017
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Water and soil, contaminated by urine/waste of infected livestock. Infects through abrasions in the skin, conjunctiva, nose, mouth, mucous membranes. Can survive for considerable periods, especially in an alkaline environment (basic, opposite of acidic); water was warm. Incubation 2 days to 4 weeks; duration few days to weeks; symptoms can be phasic (generally more severe relapse) Risk groups: vets, sugarcane laborers, farmers, soldiers, lab workers. Associated with swimming, rafting, recreational activity in contaminated water sources. Common in tropical regions (bubbles had warm water) Polluted drinking water, shellfish, fish contaminated by fecal matter of infected person. Organism is very sensitive to acid (any carbonated drink would not sustain it) Risk groups: persons with low gastric acid i. e. taking antacids. Drinking contaminated water/eating foods washed by contaminated water. Infection is usually mild and asymptomatic, approximately 10% of infected people will have severe illness. Incubation 24 to 72 hours; duration 3 to 7 days. Treatment: fluids; vaccine available common in developing countries.
