BIOLOGY 305 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Quantitative Trait Locus, Chromosome, Chloroplast

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21 Jul 2016

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The idea that sex is determined by which chromosome you got was founded by. The xx/xy in humans is not universal for all organisms. One is an odd pair and this is the sex chromosome. Males can have an x chromosome (big) and a y chromosome (small) In the xy system, we call the male the heterogametic sex and females are the homogametic sex. Birds do it backwards of the xy system. In birds, the female is the heterogametic sex and the males that are homogametic sex. So males of two z chromosomes and females have a zw chromosome. In some insects, there"s an xo system where females have 2 x chromosomes and males have just 1 x chromosome. In other insects, they have a haploid/diploid system where females get 2 full sets of chromosomes (1 from sperm and 1 from an egg cell) but males develop from unfertilized egg.

Related Questions

11) CIRCLE ALL CORRECT ANSWERS: Human males are hemizygous for

a) Sxl gene b) pseudoautosomal region of the Y c)SRY d) gene for testis determining factor e) Xist gene

12) The X inactivation center codes for

a) gonadal ridges to form ovaries b) gonadal ridges to form testes c) RNA d) testosterone e) protein enhancing transcription of sex linked genes

13) CIRCLE ALL CORRECT ANSWERS: The pseudoautosomal region is found on

a) autosomes in males b) autosomes in females c) X chromosome d) Y chromosome e) both the X and Y chromosome f) could occur in fruit flies

14) Comparing two monozygotic XX twins to two monozygotic XY twins

a) XX are more identical b) XY are more identical c) monozygotic twins do not occur

EXPLAIN YOUR ANSWER:

15) CIRCLE ALL CORRECT ANSWERS: Butterflies and Habrobracon differ in

a) which sex is homogametic b) which sex is monoploid c) one has sex chromosomes and the other does not d) one produces some gametes by mitosis, the other does not

In birds, females are the heterogametic sex (ZW) and males are homogametic (ZZ). The feather color gene in pigeons is on the Z chromosome with dominance expressed as red > blue > brown. A female from a true breeding red line is crossed with a male from a true breeding brown line to yield an F1 male. In another cross, a female from a true breeding blue line is crossed with a male from a true breeding brown line to yield an F1 female. The F1 male and F1 female are crossed. What are the genotypes of these two F1 individuals and what are the expected proportions of genotypes and phenotypes (including sex) from the resultant F2 progeny ?

greenhippopotamus5

1. If you had a fruitfly with phenotype A, what test would you make to determine if it was Aa or AA? Explain the different outcomes expected if the fly in question is AA or Aa.

2.The sex of birds, some insects, and other organisms is determined by a ZW chromosomal arrangement in which the males have like sex chromosomes (ZZ) and females are ZW (similar to XY in humans). Assume that a recessive lethal allele on the Z chromosome causes death of an embryo in birds. What sex ratio would result in the offspring if a cross were made between a male heterozygous for the lethal allele and a normal female?

3.A recessive gene for red-green color blindness is located on the X chromosome in humans. Assume that a woman with normal vision (her father is color-blind) marries a color-blind male. What is the likelihood that this couple's first son will be color-blind?

4. One form of hemophilia is caused by a sex-linked recessive gene. Assume that a man with hemophilia marries a phenotypically normal woman whose father had hemophilia. What is the probability that they will have a daughter with hemophilia? (Note: In this problem, you must include the probability of having a daughter in your computation of the final probability.)

5. One form of hemophilia is caused by a sex-linked recessive gene. Assume that a man with hemophilia marries a phenotypically normal woman whose father had hemophilia. What is the probability that their first son will have hemophilia?

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BIOLOGY 305 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Quantitative Trait Locus, Chromosome, Chloroplast

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