NURS 245 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Hyperglycemia, Macrophage, Edema
Document Summary
Pathogenesis: antibodies against tnf, cox 2 inhibitors. (1) thrombus - a clot that forms on the wall of the artery; as it grows it can occlude the artery, preventing anything beyond it from receiving blood. Blood carries oxygen, so those cells/tissue/organs that don"t receive blood will die. (2) embolus - something traveling; an emboli can be air, drugs, fat -- anything that can cause an obstruction. (3) compression - something growing outside of the blood vessel and pushing on it causing pressure. (4) vasospasm - smooth muscle of the arteries (powerful) can overly contract and narrow the lumen until no blood can go through it. (5) structural changes - number of different changes, arteriosclerosis or atherosclerosis. Effects of obstruction: effects vary with site of obstruction. Ischemia - decrease in blood flow causing the deprivation of oxygen and nutrients to organs or tissues. Accumulation of metabolites (these are partial occlusions) Pain: ischemia is frequently associated with pain.
