BIOL 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Nuclear Membrane, Nuclear Lamina, Topoisomerase

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champagnebee70

23 May 2016

School

UM Dearborn, UMD

Department

Biological Science (BIOL)

Course

BIOL 100

Professor

Adler

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Document Summary

2 types of genes involved with cell cycle: tumor suppressor: act to inhibit the cell cycle/division (if active, block cell cycle progression) If mutated, your cells divide even when they should not. P53 gene and prb gene are both tumor suppressors. If these are active, the cell cycle does not suppress. *see figure for controlling transition from g1 to s: oncogene: genes that when overexpressed (too many & turned on), make the cell replicate too often. Turned on at a higher level in cancer cells (higher replication in cancer cells) *see figure in book-cell cycle points where you can treat cancer (regions of cell cycle) G1- a place where you can inhibit with a growth factor (against cancer) They use drugs to block dna replication. Radiation: damages dna and triggers cell death. Drugs that interfere with the mitotic spindle (this forms to separate sister chromatids)

Related Questions

B__1) Driver mutations provide a growth advantage to a tumor cell. Which type of mutation is known to accumulate in cancer cells but has no direct contribution to the cancer phenotype?

A) alteration mutations B) passenger mutations C) carrier mutations

D) indirect mutations E) insignificant mutations

_A__2) Which of the following general mechanisms appear to be involved in the formation of cancer cells?

A) genomic instability, DNA repair failure, chromatin modifications

B) inversions, operon formation, methylation

C) RNA failure, DNA phosphorylation, phosphorylation of adenyl cyclase

D) transdetermination, mutation, allosteric interactions

E) suppression, tabulation, projection

_A__3) What is the name of the protein that combines with cyclins to exert local control of the cell cycle?

A) cyclin-dependent kinase B) phosphatase C) ATPase D) integrase E) hexokinase

_D__4) A protein functions as a cell-cycle regulator that causes cell death (apoptosis) to a damaged cell. What is the symbol given to this protein?

A) p34 B) p102 C) cyclin D) p53 E) phosphokinase

_A__5) The retinoblastoma protein (pRB), like p53, serves as a(n) ________ in regulating the cell cycle.

A) tumor suppressor B) tumor enhancer C) up regulator D) oncogene E) pseudooncogene

_C__6) Mutant versions of genes that are normally involved in promoting the cell cycle are known as ________.

A) tumor suppressors B) proto-oncogenes C) oncogenes D) malignant genes E) attenuators

_B__7) In sporadic cases of retinoblastoma, how many gene mutations are thought to be necessary in the same cell for a tumor to develop?

A) one B) two C) four D) six

__D_8) What is the name of the protein that appears to regulate the entry of cells into an S phase? This protein is also known as the "guardian of the genome."

A) p34 B) p102 C) cyclin D) p53 E) phosphokinase

BIOL 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Nuclear Membrane, Nuclear Lamina, Topoisomerase

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