NUTRITN 230 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Vitamin B6, Malnutrition, Complete Protein

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scarletplatypus749

23 Mar 2016

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Proteins: most complex of all organic molecules: they consist of long chains of 100 amino acids that are linked via peptide bonds. There are 20 different kinds of amino acids found in proteins each unique chemical structure. Other amino acids exist, but they are not incorporated into proteins during protein synthesis. The 20 different amino acids are used like an alphabet to spell out the structure of particular proteins. The sequence of amino acids in a protein is specified by a gene (sequence of dna) Chains of more than 10 or so amino acids are known as polypeptides. Amino acids: the building blocks of proteins: every amino acid contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. Every amino acid consists of a central carbon, atom linking four subunits: the amino group (nh2), the carboxylic acid group (cooh), a hydrogen atom, and variable side chain. Amino acids are joined together by peptide bonds.

Related Questions

For each of the following sentences, fill in the blanks with the best word or phrase selected from the list below. Not all words or phrases will be used; each word or phrase should be used only once. Proteins are ______________ built from amino acids, which each have an amino group and a _____________ group attached to the central _______________. There are twenty possible _______________ that differ in structure and are generally referred to as âR.â In solutions of neutral pH, amino acids are _______________, carrying both a positive and negative charge. When a protein is made, amino acids are linked together through _______________, which are formed by condensation reactions between the carboxyl end of the last amino acid and the ___________________ end of the next amino acid to be added to the growing chain.

a: amino	b: ionized	c: polypeptides
d: alpha-carbon	e: length	f: protein
g: carbon	h: noncovalent	i: R group
j: carboxyl	k: peptide bonds	l: side chains

m: hydroxide

indigofrog836

11) Which of the following is associated with the quaternarystructure of proteins?

Question 11 options:

	the sequence of amino acids
	hydrogen bonding within the backbone
	hydrogen bonding between the side chains
	the interaction of protein subunits

12) Which of the following is true of an amino acid at a pHabove its isoelectric point?

Question 12 options:

	it will have a negative charge
	it will have a positive charge
	we cannot predict its charge
	it will be electrically neutral

14) Which functional group is involved in linking together theamino acids of proteins?

Question 14 options:

	anhydride
	amide
	carbonyl
	ether

15) Which of the following side chains are hydrophilic?

Question 15 options:

	basic
	all of these
	polar but neutral
	acidic

1. Polypeptide strands is the active form of a digestive enzyme in the stomach that breaks polypeptide chains into smaller polypeptides.

2. Cleavage of proteins by pepsin in the stomach results in formation of pepsinogen which get broken down further in the small intestine.

3. An amino acid chain made up of three amino acids joined together is called a tripeptide.

4. Dipeptide describes an amino acid chain made up of two amino acids joined together.

5. The 20 different amino acids are the building blocks used for protein synthesis.

6. Amino acid pools are stockpiles found in the blood and other cells of the body that can be used to build new proteins.

7. The continual process of degrading and synthesizing protein is called protein turnover.

8. The stomach produces pepsin, which denatures protein.

9. Denaturation occurs when a protein is exposed to heat, acid, bases, or mechanical agitation resulting in unfolding of the protein, though the peptide bonds remain intact.

10. The part of an amino acid that contains nitrogen is called the amine group.

11. The acid group is also known as the carboxyl group.

12. Single amino acids that are absorbed in the small intestine travel to the liver via the portal vein.

Please correct these sentences AS SOON AS POSSIBLE.. Some of them are not correct and I didn't figure out what are they!

violetdog828

NUTRITN 230 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Vitamin B6, Malnutrition, Complete Protein

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