BIOL 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Metaphase, Heterochromatin, Microtubule

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Class discussion: reproduction, asexual reproduction reproduction that creates offspring without the participation of sperm and egg. Parents and offspring are genetically identical: sexual reproduction requires fertilization of an egg by sperm. Offspring may resemble parents but they are not genetically identical. Come up with a list of actions or events that an animal cell must undergo to achieve division. Growth factors or signals that tell the cells to divide. Eukaryotic cell cycle - (2 phases) interphase & mitotic phase. Gap growth, new organelles are made, more proteins are made; cell carries out its: interphase (precedes both mitosis and meiosis) 3 subphases: Sister chromatids = duplicated chromosomes that are connected, each chromatid will become a chromosome in the daughter cell. Protein complex that forms at the centromere to connect chromatids to microtubule spindle fibers = kinetochore. Histones = proteins that the dna double helix winds around. Heterochromatin = when dna is tightly wound up: mitosis.

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