BCH 311 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Catecholamine, Stereoisomerism, Bohr Effect
Document Summary
Cells require energy to: drive cellular reactions, synthesize biological macromolecules, maintain structure/order (entropy (s) degree of randomness or disorder in a system) Enthalpy (h): the heat of the reaction at constant pressure and is related to the strength of the chemical bonds of a molecule. Entropy (s): a measure of the degree of disorder in a system. Titration curves: an experiment in which measured amounts of base are added to a measured amount of acid. Equivalence point: the point where the acid is exactly neutralized. Inflection point: reaches when the ph equals the pka of acetic acid. Monoprotic acids: release one hydrogen ion and have a single ka and pka value. Diprotic acids: release two hydrogen ions and have two ka and pka values. Polyprotic acids: release more than two hydrogen ions, and can have several ka and pka values. Amino acids and peptides behave as diprotic and polyprotic acids.
