ISCI 2002 Lecture 2: Chapter 11
Document Summary
Chemistry: division of physical science, deals with composition and structure of matter and the reactions by which substances are changed into other substances, alchemy and modern chemistry. Modern began in 1774 with antoine lavoisier (father of modern. Elements chemistry: 88 naturally occurring, comprise virtually all matter, chemical and physical properties affect us continually. Classifying matter: has mass and occupies space, pure substance. Can only be separated by chemical process. The liquid or the substance in the larger quantity: solute. More solute can be dissolved at the same temperature: saturated. Maximum amount of solute is dissolved in solvent. Dynamic equilibrium exists between the solute dissolving and solute crystallize: solubility. Amount of solute that will dissolve in a specified volume or mass of solvent, at a given temperature, to produce a saturated solution. Temperature increase raises solubility for most solids. Contains more than the normal maximum amount of dissolved solute at the given temperature. Can happen when unsaturated solutions are cooled.
