GEOS 1004 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Subduction, Rift, Thermal Subsidence
Document Summary
Sediment size is key to determining what ends up where a. b. c. d. e. f. Very fine material (mud to clay) in quiet, deep basin center. Carbonate sediment accumulates in clear, shallow water with little mud input from land. Distance from mountainous or highly elevated source areas also controls sediment size - mountains near the basin add more coarse material i. ii. High mountains close to water = lots of coarse gravel into basin. Lower mountains, far from the water = accumulating sediment is mud or sand due to the great distance of source areas from the basin. Transport distance refines sediment; tough minerals, especially quartz, survive as physical particles, while weaker minerals break up to mud or clay size or dissolve into solution g. Different types of sediment can overlap/layer one another as basin conditions and source conditions vary over time i. i. e. river deltas (where river meets standing water of basin) host complex overlapping of sediment types.
