BIOL 1406 Lecture 13: Biology notes ch. 14
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Gregor mendel is considered the father of genetics. Discovered the basic principles of heredity by breeding garden peas in carefully planned experiments process of meiosis. Described basic principles of heredity with no knowledge of dna or the. There are many heritable features, or characters (such as flower color); And character variants (such as purple or white flowers) called traits. Controlled breeding can be achieved by dusting one plant with pollen from another. Mendel chose to track characters that varied in an either-or manner. He also used varieties that were true-breeding (plants that produce offspring of the same variety when they self-pollinate) In a typical experiment, mendel mated two contrasting, true-breeding varieties, a process called hybridization. The offspring of the p generation are called the f1 generation. When f1 individuals self-pollinate, the f2 generation is produced. When mendel crossed contrasting, true-breeding white and purple flowered pea plants, all of the f1 hybrids were purple.