BIOL 3225 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Sensory Neuron, Somatosensory System, Action Potential

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24 Oct 2021

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Process of converting sensory information(stimuli) and converting it into electrical message is sensory transduction. Presentation of adequate stimulus will actually lead to the openings of ion channels( na permeability and calcium permeability in the membrane) If the receptor potential is in fact depolarizing and is sufficient enough to bring cell to threshold then action potential will take place. The soma is hanging off of the axon. This is due to the decrease in the receptor sensitivity. May only fire action potential only at the beginning and only at the end. ( like when you first stand up, burst of action potential) or when you sit down. It loses a bit of it"s amplitude with time and action potential also drops with time. Includes the process by which stimulus energy is transformed into an electrical message and firing frequency that is interpreted by the cns.

Related Questions

Explain the difference between a receptor potential and an action potential in a sensory system. Include how their electrophysiological properties change in response to changes in stimulus intensity.

1. Why are sensory receptors good translators (i.e., what do they do)?

a What are the four types of sensory receptors and give an example for each?

b. How does lateral inhibition enhance the perception of a stimulus?

c ) Why is spatial preservation so important in the somatosensory system?

d) Hair cells transduce sound waves into action potentials via mechanoreception. They communicate intensity of sound (loudness) because they fire more action potentials when the stimulus is louder; however, they are not able to transduce information regarding the location of the sound in the environment. How is location of sound determined in the brain?

e) Describe the receptive field for a hair cell (hint, what makes a given hair cell fire an action potential?). What is the main characteristic of the basilar membrane that determines the specific receptive field for an individual hair cell?

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Sensory systems

1.All sensory input arrives at the central nervous system in the same form, as ____________ propagated by afferent neurons. Perception of the type and intensity of a stimulus depends on which part of the brain the impulse projects to and the firing frequency the sensory neuron.

A.action potentials B.receptor potentials C.reflexes D.frequency localizations E.thresholds

2.The simplest sensory receptors are __________ that respond to mechanical distortion,changes in temperature, or specific chemicals.

A.nociceptors B.free nerve endings C.gated channels D.photoreceptors. E.ganglia

3.When membrane proteins on an olfactory neuron are stimulated by the binding of a specific chemical, what is the immediate result?

A.membrane depolarization B.membrane repolarization C.active ion transport D.membrane hyperpolarization E.neurotransmitter release

5.The lateral line system provides ________ with a sense of "distant touch," enabling these animals to sense objects that reflect pressure waves and low-frequency vibrations.

A.adult amphibians B.reptiles C.birds D.mammals E.fish

6.Which correctly represents the sequence of steps involved to convey sensory information to the CNS?

A.stimulation and ion flow through the synaptic cleft B.neurotransmitter release and interpretation
C.neurotransmitter release and ion flow through the synaptic cleft D.stimulation, transduction, transmission, and interpretation E.stimulation, transmission, and neurotransmitter release

7.Which of the following stimuli do vertebrates NOT have a specialized receptor for?

A.hearing B.taste C.smell D.humidity E.vision

8.Which of the following is NOT an example of a mechanoreceptor?

A.Meissner's corpuscles B.Ruffini endings C.Merkel cells D.red corpuscles E.Pacinian corpuscles

9.What are the receptors called that transmit impulses that are perceived by the brain as pain?
A. baroreceptors B. chemoreceptors C. nociceptors
D. thermoreceptors E. propioceptors

10. Which of the following do humans NOT have taste buds specialized to sense?

A. salty B. sour. C. sweet. D. vitamins E. bitter

BIOL 3225 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Sensory Neuron, Somatosensory System, Action Potential

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