PP201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Particle Board, Syllogism, Ikea

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purpleantelope

4 Jul 2022

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L7: categorical logic i: govier chapter 7 (pp. 178-199) Logic is the science of inference, or the study of how premises support conclusions in arguments. Categorical logic is a branch of logic that studies the categorical syllogism is a special kind of argument. Hence, a categorical syllogism is a special kind of argument. A subject term: the subject term is what kind of thing the statement is about. In the above example the statement is saying something about the class, philosophers. A predicate term: this is what is being said about the subject term. We are being told that all philosophers are attractive. The predicate term, then, is "(all) things that are attractive". A scope word: the scope word tells us how many members of the class of the subject term we are talking about. Above we are told something about members of a class of objects. A copula: the copula connects the subject term and the predicate term.

Related Questions

Target response size: one paragraph (about 4 – 6 logic statements)

For the statements below, indicate whether the statement is true or false and explain your reasoning.

If a sealed plastic container of water is squeezed only at the bottom, the water molecules in the squeezed region will experience increased pressure but water in the non-squeezed region will experience no change of pressure.

lavenderfox600

Introduction. Telescope time is a valuablecommodity in astronomy, so astronomers plan their observationscarefully. One of the first steps is to choose what type ofobservation to make. Recall that three basic types of astronomicalobservation are imaging (taking a photograph of anobject), spectroscopy (spreading an object's light into aspectrum), and timing (measuring how an object's lightvaries with time).

Part A: Sort each of the astronomical questionsbelow into the appropriate bin based on the type of observation youwould need to perform to answer it.

Three Categories: Imagine, Spectroscopy andTiming

The Questions:

1. "What are the major surface features of Mars?"

2. "What is the temperature of Jupiter's atmosphere?"

3. "Does the star Mira vary in brightness?"

4. "How large is the Andromeda Galaxy?"

5. "What is the chemical composition of the Crab Nebula?"

6. "Is the X-ray emission fro the galactic center steady orchanging?"

7. "Is the star Vega moving toward us or away from us?"

8. "Are stars in the Orion Nebula surrounded by dusty disks ofgas?"

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Introduction: Different telescopes areoptimized for observing different wavelengths of light, so anotherconsideration in planning an observation is deciding what type oftelescope to use.

Part B: Each of the following statementsdescribes an astronomical measurement. Place each measurement intothe appropriate bin based on the type of telescope you would use tomake it.

Three Categories: Infrared Telescope, VisibleLight Telescope and X-Ray Telescope

The Statements:

1. Study a dense cloud of cold gas in space.

2. Measure the brightness of a star that is similar to ourSun.

3. Observe the hot (1-million K) gas in the Sun's corona.

4. Obtain a spectrum of sunlight reflected by Mars.

5. Determine the surface temperature of Venus.

6. Look for high-energy radiation from a supernova.

Thank you so much to whoever helps!

Which of the following statements is true about the relationships between the dot product of two vectors and the product of the magnitudes of the vectors?

(a) is larger than