HCR 210 Lecture Notes - Nurse Practitioner, Virtue Ethics, Principle Of Double Effect

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hailey0112

26 Aug 2022

School

ASU

Department

Health Care Related

Course

HCR 210

Professor

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Document Summary

Tuskegee syphilis study- us government refused to give study subjects a cure for syphillis. Beauchamp and childress: tom l beauchamp and james f childress, principles of bioethics published in 1985, established the 4 main principles on how to decide if an act in medicine was ethical or non-ethical, autonomy, nonmaleficience, beneficence, justice. Hypothetical scenario: you are a nurse practitioner in a clinical trial responsible for testing out a new drug against colon cancer. As an unintended side effect, some of your patients developed loss of vision. Choose the lesser evil: deontologist: as a healthcare provider, you had a duty to help. As long as you had good intent and respected the categorical imperatives, you did not do any harm. Nonmaleficience: do no harm hippocratic oath, harm in the clinical setting: pain, discomfort, inconvenience, expense, disfigurement, and disability, morbidity, morality, harm that may not be physical or obvious: negligence, violations of autonomy.

Related Questions

We are going through a time of profound change in our understanding of the ethics of applied social research. From the time immediately after World War II until the early 1990s, there was a gradually developing consensus about the key ethical principles that should underlie the research endeavor. Two marker events stand out (among many others) as symbolic of this consensus. The Nuremberg War Crimes Trial following World War II brought to public view the ways German scientists had used captive human subjects as subjects in oftentimes gruesome experiments. In the 1950s and 1960s, the Tuskegee Syphilis Study involved the withholding of known effective treatment for syphilis from African-American participants who were infected. Events like these forced the reexamination of ethical standards and the gradual development of a consensus that potential human subjects needed to be protected from being used as 'guinea pigs' in scientific research.â http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/ethics.php

After reading the above paragraph answer the following question:

What is Ethics in Research & Why is it Important?

goldpig508

According to the book "BioEthics In Context" please answer the following questions in regards to chapter one Moral Theory in BioEthics (pages 38-49):

1)State and explain the main principles of Kantian deontology. Evaluate Kant's theory.

2)Does Kantian deontology permit exceptions to moral rules?

3)Explain how Kantian respect for persons supports the bioethical emphasis on informed consent.

4)Explain and evaluate rule utilitarianism.

5)We looked at the case of Mrs.Smith from a utilitarian perspective. Consider how a preference consequentialist would have resolved the case.

6)Explain rule theory in ethics. How are moral rules established? Explain how exceptions might be evaluated in rule theory.

blackjellyfish899

QUESTION 1

One of the strengths of Virtue Ethics is that it provides us with explicit guidance in deciding how to act in particular circumstances.

True

False

QUESTION 2

More than one answer may be correct. (Hint: More than one of these is correct!) The Doctrine (Principle) of Double Effect allows the moral permissibility of:

A.		A mother aborting a pregnancy that was the result of a rape.
B.		A doctor performing a life-saving surgery on a pregnant woman where the intent is to save the life of the mother but the death of the fetus is a foreseen consequence of the procedure.
C.		A woman wantonly getting pregnant so she can get an abortion to make a political statement.
D.		A doctor injecting a terminally ill patient with morphine where the intent is to relieve the patient's pain but a foreseen consequence is hastening the patient's death.

QUESTION 3

Nonmaleficence requires that the physician not subject her patient to any risks at all.

True

False

QUESTION 4

A patient is unable to exercise full autonomy if her physician only tells her about one of several treatment options for her condition.

True

False

QUESTION 5

Mary Anne Warren endorses a distinction between what is genetically human and what is morally human.

True

False

QUESTION 6

Don Marquis argues that the wrongness of killing adult human beings (as well as human fetuses) is primarily due to the fact that killing deprives the victim of a valuable future.

True

False

QUESTION 7

Dax Cowart now believes his doctors were right to continue his life-saving treatment in spite of his requests for them to let him die.

True

False

QUESTION 8

Assigning degrees of urgency to patients wounded in a disaster (triage) and distributing limited medical resources based on who needs them most is a practice best supported by which ethical theory?

A.		Kantian Ethics
B.		Utilitarianism
C.		Care Ethics
D.		Natural Law Theory

QUESTION 9

Rule Utilitarianism holds that the principle of utility should be applied on a case-by-case basis, to particular acts in particular circumstances.

True

False

HCR 210 Lecture Notes - Nurse Practitioner, Virtue Ethics, Principle Of Double Effect

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