BIO 104 Chapter a: Mitochondria-notes-converted
23 Nov 2022
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Mitochondria are bacteria-sized organelles (about 1 2 m in size), which are found in large numbers in almost all eukaryotic cells. Typically, there are about 2000 mitochondria per cell, representing around 25% of the cell volume. For example, mitochondria have a ring-shaped dna (four molecules per mitochondrion) and have their own ribosomes. The mitochondrial genome became smaller and smaller during the course of evolution. In humans, it still contains 16,569 base pairs, which code for two rrnas, 22 trnas, and. Mitochondria are well-defined cytoplasmic organelles of the cell which take part in a variety of cellular metabolic functions. Survival of the cells requires energy to perform different functions. The mitochondria are important as the fact that these organelles supply all the necessary biological energy of the cell, and they obtain this energy by oxidizing the substrates of the krebs cycle. Energy of the cell is got from the enzymatic oxidation of chemical compounds in the mitochondria.
