BIOLOGY Lecture Notes - Complement System, Gastrointestinal Tract, Tetrapeptide
Document Summary
The complement proteins are mainly produced by hepatocytes (liver cells). Liver is the major source of complement proteins. Hepatocytes synthesize and release these proteins in circulation. They circulate in blood and become active during inflammatory reactions (immune system recognize and remove the inflammation) or immunological reactions (immune system shows defense mechanism against pathogen). Exception- some complement proteins are also produce by macrophages and. The classical pathway: there are two types of immune response- humoral response and cell-mediated immune response. At the time of infection, immune system recognizes the pathogen and develop humoral response (antibody response) against the particular pathogen. In humoral response, b cells are activated, they proliferate and differentiate into plasma cells. Plasma cells produce antibodies for the particular antigens (antigens (ag) are proteins that are present on the surface of pathogen). Antibodies (ab) also called as immunoglobulin (ig) are tetrapeptide which consist of two heavy chains and two light chains.
