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ENY 3005 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Parasitic Disease, Envenomation, Entomophobia

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flervil
16 Mar 2023
School
University of Florida
Department
Entomology
Course
ENY 3005
Professor

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Document Summary

Unit 15 - medical entomology: how is annoyance a direct medical effect to humans? this goes hand in hand with exsanguination which is loss of blood and annoyance (rasping mouthparts). Insects do not usually cause enough blood loss to be a problem in humans, but annoyance is sufficient enough to disrupt regular activities and cause significant economic losses. Scabies mites and chiggers/red bugs: what is myiasis? when diptera larvae invade and feed on living tissue and create holes in flesh to get air from outside host to breathe. There are two different forms: obligatory (depends on host) and facultative (free living but can utilize host: define envenomation: arthropod venom from bite, stings, urticating hairs or stored chemicals can cause irritation and pain, itching, etc in humans. Typically does not cause death unless sensitivities present: give three different insect examples of envenomization. When a person is mentally sure that an insect infestation is real when it does not exist.

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Related Questions

QUESTION 1 Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions: As the stick pierces the skin, which of the following will not happen? a. The stick goes through a layer of connective tissue b. The stick goes through a layer of epithelial tissue c. The stick will damage collagen fibers d. The stick will go through a layer of connective tissue, epithelial tissue, and damage collagen fibers. All of the listed events will happen. QUESTION 2 Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions: The stick pierced your crural region. Which bone could be damaged? a. Femur b. Humerus c. Clavicle d. Tibia QUESTION 3 Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions: What immediate impact will blood loss have on blood pressure? a. Blood pressure will increase. b. Blood pressure will decrease. c. Blood pressure will stay the same. QUESTION 4 Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions: Which division of your autonomic motor system would be activated in this situation? a. Visceral b. Sympathetic c. Parasympathetic d. Somatic QUESTION 5 Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions: You are obviously feeling a lot of pain. This is an example of a function of your: a. Visceral sensory nervous system b. Somatic sensory nervous system c. Autonomic sensory nervous system d. Parasympathetic motor nervous system. QUESTION 6 Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions: What will be the most immediate effector response (the first few seconds after the event)? a. Increase in kidney filtration rate b. Increase in venous return c. Increase in vasoconstriction of your arterioles d. Decrease in cardiac output QUESTION 7 Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions: Since you have damaged a blood vessel, you must stop the blood loss. Which of the following is a process to stop this type of blood loss? a. Hemopoiesis b. Hemostasis c. Agglutination d. Refurberation QUESTION 8 Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions: What is the second stage in the process of preventing blood loss? a. Platelet plug formation b. Fibrination c. Coagulation d. Capillary spasm QUESTION 9 Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions: Since you have lost blood, you have also lost the proteins in the blood such as fibrinogen and albumin. How will these proteins be replaced? a. You must ingest them in their final form b. The spleen will make them c. The liver will make them d. The immune cells will make them QUESTION 10 Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions: Red blood cells need to be replaced as well. How will this be accomplished? a. Current red blood cells will divide by mitosis b. White blood cells will divide by mitosis and the new cells will turn red c. The spleen will make new red blood cells d. The red bone marrow will make new blood cells QUESTION 11 Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions: When blood is lost, blood pressure decreases. Which hormone(s) would you expect to be released by this stimulus? a. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) b. Angiotensin II c. Epinephrine d. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), Angiotensin II, and Epinephrine. QUESTION 12 Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions: Which of the following will actually make blood pressure decrease further? a. Increase cardiac contractility (and increase cardiac output) b. Increase vasoconstriction c. Increase glomerular filtration rate (GFR) d. Increase heartrate QUESTION 13 Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions: Blood flow to the gastrointestinal tract would a. Increase b. Decrease QUESTION 14 Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions: You would find that the pH of the blood has decreased. Which of the following is the most likely explanation? a. Cells are not receiving enough oxygen, have switched to anaerobic respiration, and are producing lactic acid. b. Platelets are trying to stop blood loss and they release H+ as part of the coagulation process c. The blood lose stimulates the stomach to release H+ into the blood and HCO3- into the stomach lumen d. You are hyperventilating and exhaling additional CO2 QUESTION 15 Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions: Urine production would a. Increase b. Decrease QUESTION 16 Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions: The stick was covered in bacteria. Which immune system cells (of the innate immune system) would be the first to respond to the site of damage? a. Lymphocytes b. Neutrophils c. Cytotoxic T-cells d. Plasma cells QUESTION 17 Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions: The stick pierces the crural region. What muscle could this damage? a. Biceps femoris b. Serratus anterior c. Orbicularis oris d. Gastrocnemius QUESTION 18 Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions: After you get home from your ordeal, you notice there is swelling around the injury site. Eventually, fluid from the tissue will be directly picked up by the [blank]. a. Immune cells b. Lymphatic system c. Arteries d. Small intestine

QUESTION 1

Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions:

As the stick pierces the skin, which of the following will not happen?

a.

The stick goes through a layer of connective tissue

b.

The stick goes through a layer of epithelial tissue

c.

The stick will damage collagen fibers

d.

The stick will go through a layer of connective tissue, epithelial tissue, and damage collagen fibers. All of the listed events will happen.

QUESTION 2

Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions:

The stick pierced your crural region. Which bone could be damaged?

a.

Femur

b.

Humerus

c.

Clavicle

d.

Tibia

QUESTION 3

Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions:

What immediate impact will blood loss have on blood pressure?

a.

Blood pressure will increase.

b.

Blood pressure will decrease.

c.

Blood pressure will stay the same.

QUESTION 4

Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions:

Which division of your autonomic motor system would be activated in this situation?

a.

Visceral

b.

Sympathetic

c.

Parasympathetic

d.

Somatic

QUESTION 5

Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions:

You are obviously feeling a lot of pain. This is an example of a function of your:

a.

Visceral sensory nervous system

b.

Somatic sensory nervous system

c.

Autonomic sensory nervous system

d.

Parasympathetic motor nervous system.

QUESTION 6

Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions:

What will be the most immediate effector response (the first few seconds after the event)?

a.

Increase in kidney filtration rate

b.

Increase in venous return

c.

Increase in vasoconstriction of your arterioles

d.

Decrease in cardiac output

QUESTION 7

Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions:

Since you have damaged a blood vessel, you must stop the blood loss. Which of the following is a process to stop this type of blood loss?

a.

Hemopoiesis

b.

Hemostasis

c.

Agglutination

d.

Refurberation

QUESTION 8

Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions:

What is the second stage in the process of preventing blood loss?

a.

Platelet plug formation

b.

Fibrination

c.

Coagulation

d.

Capillary spasm

QUESTION 9

Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions:

Since you have lost blood, you have also lost the proteins in the blood such as fibrinogen and albumin. How will these proteins be replaced?

a.

You must ingest them in their final form

b.

The spleen will make them

c.

The liver will make them

d.

The immune cells will make them

QUESTION 10

Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions:

Red blood cells need to be replaced as well. How will this be accomplished?

a.

Current red blood cells will divide by mitosis

b.

White blood cells will divide by mitosis and the new cells will turn red

c.

The spleen will make new red blood cells

d.

The red bone marrow will make new blood cells

QUESTION 11

Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions:

When blood is lost, blood pressure decreases. Which hormone(s) would you expect to be released by this stimulus?

a.

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

b.

Angiotensin II

c.

Epinephrine

d.

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), Angiotensin II, and Epinephrine.

QUESTION 12

Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions:

Which of the following will actually make blood pressure decrease further?

a.

Increase cardiac contractility (and increase cardiac output)

b.

Increase vasoconstriction

c.

Increase glomerular filtration rate (GFR)

d.

Increase heartrate

QUESTION 13

Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions:

Blood flow to the gastrointestinal tract would

a.

Increase

b.

Decrease

QUESTION 14

Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions:

You would find that the pH of the blood has decreased. Which of the following is the most likely explanation?

a.

Cells are not receiving enough oxygen, have switched to anaerobic respiration, and are producing lactic acid.

b.

Platelets are trying to stop blood loss and they release H+ as part of the coagulation process

c.

The blood lose stimulates the stomach to release H+ into the blood and HCO3- into the stomach lumen

d.

You are hyperventilating and exhaling additional CO2

QUESTION 15

Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions:

Urine production would

a.

Increase

b.

Decrease

QUESTION 16

Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions:

The stick was covered in bacteria. Which immune system cells (of the innate immune system) would be the first to respond to the site of damage?

a.

Lymphocytes

b.

Neutrophils

c.

Cytotoxic T-cells

d.

Plasma cells

QUESTION 17

Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions:

The stick pierces the crural region. What muscle could this damage?

a.

Biceps femoris

b.

Serratus anterior

c.

Orbicularis oris

d.

Gastrocnemius

QUESTION 18

Situation: you decide to go hiking by yourself far from medical assistance. On your hike, you have a backpack full of food and water. As you are hiking, you accidentally trip and impale yourself on a stick which causes you to lose a significant amount of blood (10-15% of your total blood volume). Answer the following questions:

After you get home from your ordeal, you notice there is swelling around the injury site. Eventually, fluid from the tissue will be directly picked up by the [blank].

a.

Immune cells

b.

Lymphatic system

c.

Arteries

d.

Small intestine

30. Microbe-Human Interactions.

a. Define pathogen, disease, normal flora. Under what conditions might a normal flora organism cause disease.

b. What parts of the body should stay absolutely sterile under normal circumstances.

c. How are Koch’s postulates used.

d. Define communicable, non-communicable, acute, chronic, endemic, epidemic, pandemic,

symptomatic, asymptomatic, and subclinical.

e. For a disease to be spread, there must be a reservoir, mode of transmission, and portal of entry.

f. For humans, what is the most significant reservoir.

g. Define : direct contact, droplet transmission, indirect contact, vehicle transmission, arthropod vectors

h. For a microorganism to cause disease, it typically must attach to host tissue, overcome the host defense, and cause tissue damage.What structures are used for attachment.What are some ways in which microorganisms overcome the host immune system.What distinguishes exotoxins from endotoxin.

31. Immune Defenses.

a. What are the major elements of the first, second, and third lines of defense.

b. What are the steps of phagocytosis and inflammation? What are the 3 complement pathways?

c. Which lines of defense are considered specific? Which are considered non-specific?

d. There are two major types of specific immunity, humoral and cell-mediated.

e. Humoral immunity involves B cells and antibodies. What are the major classes and activities of antibodies.

f. Cell mediated immunity involves T cells. What are 2 major types of T cells? What are their activities.

32. Staphylococcus aureus.

a. Gram positive cocci in grape-like clusters.

b. Skin infections (scalded skin syndrome, impetigo) (many other types of infection are also possible).

33. Streptococcus pyogenes.

a. Gram positive cocci in chains.

a. Strep throat, skin/wound infections (impetigo, necrotizing fasciitis “flesh eating disease”), scarlet fever (other types of infection are also possible)