ENY 3005 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Ambrosia Fungi, Leafcutter Ant, Commensalism

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flervil

16 Mar 2023

School

University of Florida

Department

Entomology

Course

ENY 3005

Professor

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Document Summary

Viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoans, and nematodes are the principal pathogens of insects. What relationship do some termites and leaf-cutter ants have with fungi? (p. 246) The ants and their fungi form a true symbiosis, with both partners benefiting from the relationship. The ants benefit by exploiting leaves : a food they can"t digest themselves. The fungi break down the indigestible cellulose of plants, converting it into more edible proteins and sugars which the ants can harvest. How are fungi important to ambrosia beetles? (p. 246-247) the ambrosia fungi help prevent the intrusion of various pathogenic fungi. The ambrosia beetles in turn assist the fungi by providing them with excrement and plant remains, which serve as a food source. Parasitic: one benfits one is negatively affected ex: mosquito. Describe the relationship between aphids and buchnera. (box 11. 1, p. 248) In aphids, bacteriocytes together form the bacteriome, which are structures located near to the midgut of their host.

Related Questions

People arenât the only agriculturalists. Leaf-cutter ants, for example, cultivate a fungus from the leaves they collect. The fungus requires the plant leaves the ants collect to grow, as a nutritional substrate, which the ants actively harvest to help maintain the fungal community.

A. Is this an example of a predator-prey, host-parasite, mutualistic, or sexual conflict co-evolution?

B. If it is an antagonistic relationship, how are the two species in conflict? If it is a mutualistic relationship, how do both species benefit?

C. Describe how the above example is representative of co-evolution

D. Imagine the ants find a new food source that is higher in quality and easier to acquire than the fungus. Hypothesize what you think might then happen to the antagonistic or mutualistic relationship described in part b.)

coppergerbil405

1. Discuss and decide upon characteristics that define each of the following broad groups

(domains, kingdoms) of organisms in order to attempt to define these major groups of life

on the planet. Although many characteristics may overlap from one group to the next,

attempt to define some traits that could be used to definitively (exclusively) place an

organism into a specific group. Finally, for each, what would the small subunit ribosomal

rRNA gene sequence tell us?

Viruses

Bacteria

Archaea

Protists (algae, protozoa)

Fungi

Animals

Plants

2. For the previous groups, which include representatives of ones that live as part of the

âhuman ecosystemâ? Provide some examples of each and where they can be found,

including both those that are part of our normal microbiota (i.e., not pathogens) and some

that are.

3. Considering the above and what weâve covered about these groups of organisms,

identify some structures/processes that hypothetically could be used to inhibit or kill

different types of pathogens without (hypothetically, at least) harming the human host.

4. Consider the microbial world. Which has a greater impact or importance â pathogens,

or benign microbes? Explain, giving examples.

5. A number of antibiotics target the bacterial 70S ribosome, exploiting structural

differences from the 80S ribosome found in humans and other eukaryotes. Although

effective at killing bacteria, these drugs can still have some toxicity to humans. In the

context of the endosymbiotic theory of evolution, provide a hypothesis as to why this

might be.

viridianeel412

Most familiar types of mushrooms, along with puffballs and shelf fungi, are found in the Phylum ___________.

The distinctive flavor of certain cheeses is due to Fungi (and Bacteria).

True

False

A Mushroom is the vegetative reproductive Structure of Fungi in the Phylum _____.

Taxonomists classify Fungi based upon their Sexual Reproductive Structures.

True

False

Fungi that have a symbiotic relationship with the root system of vascular plants are known as ______________.

A Puffball is a type of fungus found in the Phylum __________.

Which Phylum is made up exclusively of Fungi that form symbioses with plant roots?

__________ is used by companies to make bread rise and to produce alcohol.

Fungi

and green plants have cells that are surrounded by a cell wall made of cellulose.

differ from members of the animal kingdom because fungi are autotrophic.

grayhamster49

ENY 3005 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Ambrosia Fungi, Leafcutter Ant, Commensalism

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