ENY 3005 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Feces, Gastrointestinal Tract, Malpighian Tubule System

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flervil

16 Mar 2023

School

University of Florida

Department

Entomology

Course

ENY 3005

Professor

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Document Summary

Unit objectives: describe embryonic origin of alimentary canal divisions. Egg is divided into two layers of cells endoderm and ectoderm. These two mold and bend and eventually fuse. The endoderm becomes the midgut and the ectoderm houses the fore and hind gut: draw and label generalized alimentary canal and describe function of each component. Pharynx- muscular tube that pushes food into esophagus. Crop- stores food and adds digestive enzymes from the midgut. Gastric caeca- add surface area for more nutrient absorption. Ventriculus- adds most enzymes for digestion and absorbs nutrients from food. Malpighian tubules- pulls nitrogenous waste from hemolymph and turns it into a semi solid called uric acid which is changed to urea and added to fecal pellets. Rectum- posterior hind gut and pulls water from the fecal pellets. Anus- expels fecal pellets: draw and label generalized insect circulatory system and describe circulation pattern.

Related Questions

1. Which organ is responsible for balancing the amount ofglucose floating around in the blood? (it stores excess glucosewhen there is too much and releases glucose into the bloodstreamwhen there isn't enough)

Select one:

a. liver

b. pancreas

c. spleen

d. stomach

2. The gastrointstinal tract has 4 basic layers. Which layer isthe one that comes in contact with the food that you eat?

Select one:

a. serosa

b. submucosa

c. muscularis

d. mucosa

3. Which digestive organ contains 3 layers of muscle tissue inthe muscularis?

Select one:

a. esophagus

b. large intestine

c. stomach

d. anus

The esophagus is the first organ in the digestive tract thatsecretes digestive enzymes to begin the chemical (molecular)breakdown of food.

Select one:

True

False

Gastric ulcers are often caused by bacterial infection.

Select one:

True

False

Lactose intolerance causes gas, bloating and stomach achesbecause undigested sugar molecules, called lactose, end up gettingdigested by bacteria in the intestines. When they digest it, theyproduce lots of gases.

Select one:

True

False

7. The lower esophageal sphincter prevents food in the stomachfrom backing up into the esophagus.

Since the esophagus is not equipped to handle the harsh acids inthe stomach, when food (mixed with stomach acids) does back up intothe esophagus, you get symptoms such as heart burn. This is calledgastroesophageal reflux (or "reflux").

When reflux is left untreated for many years, the person becomesa trisk for esophageal cancer. This is because the esophagus gets"burned" by the acids over and over again which can eventuallytrigger the development of cancerous cells.

Select one:

True

False

Peristalsis is defined as the rhythmic contractions of thedigestive system that pushes food along the digestive tract.

Select one:

True

False

tealgoat796

2. General questions about the digestive tract A. Mechanical digestion of all foods begins in the oral cavity. Describe how food is digested mechanically in the oral cavity. B. What is the scientific name for swallowing? Which portions of the pharynx does food pass through when swallowing? What is the function of the esophagus? C. Cells lining the stomach release hydrochloric acid (HCl). How does HCl assist in food digestion? How are the cells lining the stomach protected from being auto-digested by HCl? D. Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins must be broken down into their smallest subunits (AKA building blocks) in order to be absorbed through the epithelial lining of the small intestine. Name the building blocks of each of the major classes of nutrients: complex carbohydrates (AKA polysaccharides), fats, and proteins. E. About 99% of all nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine. Name the 3 portions of the small intestine. In which of these 3 portions does the greatest amount of nutrient absorption occur (think about the location and length of each segment)? Which type(s) of nutrient(s) is/are absorbed into blood capillaries? Which type(s) of nutrient(s) is/are absorbed into lymphatic capillaries? F. The last portions of the digestive tract are the rectum, anal canal and anus. Name the 2 muscular sphincters located at the anus. When the rectum fills, the defecation reflex is initiated. Describe the events that occur during the defecation reflex. Name the 2 sphincters located at the anus. Which sphincter undergoes involuntary relaxation during the defecation reflex? Which division of the autonomic nervous system causes this sphincter to relax and open? Name the sphincter that you control consciously to stop or initiate defecation.

violetwombat627

1. Match the terms associated with plant nutrition with its description.

A) Mycorrhizae
B) Root nodules
C) Predator
D) Root hairs
E) Parasite

A. A plant that absorbs nutrients created by another plant. E B A C D B. A plant in a nutrient deficient environment digest small insect as an alternative nutrient source. E B A C D C. Where absorption of nutrients from epidermal outgrowth of the root cells. E B A C D D. Found on roots where bacterial cells exist symbiotically as a source of nitrogen for the plant. E B A C D E. A symbiotic relationship for nutrient source of plant and fungus. E B A C D
2. Choose the letter of the mode of nutrition with the descriptions below.

A) Endoparasite
B) Heterotrophs
C) Autotrophs
D) Saprophytes
E) Chemoautotrophs
A. Peace lilies create its own food. A D E C B B. Halophiles uses chemicals to produce substances as source of energy. A D E C B C. Antelopes obtains food from other resources since it cannot produce its own. A D E C B D. Shitake mushrooms digest food in its environment before absorbing the nutrients it needs. A D E C B E. Ascaris absorbs nutrients from other living organisms by staying inside the body of that organism. A D E C B
3. Match the reasons with the situations indicated below:

A) The epiglottis failed to close the trachea.
B) Peristaltic movement in the esophagus become slow.
C) Fats, proteins and cellulose are the hardest to digest.
D) Lower esophageal sphincter did not contract.
E) Undigested food stays too long in the large intestine.

A. Always constipated. D C A A E B. Most likely happened when a person chocked while eating. D C A A E C. Cause of heart burn or pain in the chest but not related to the heart. D C A A E D. Happens when you swallow and you feel the bolus is stuck in the chest. D C A A E E. Reason why the food expelled when you vomit an hour after eating is just meat or vegetables, no rice or bread. D C A A E
4. Match the terms associated with animal nutrition with the statements below.
A) Filter-feeder
B) Incomplete digestion
C) Food vacuoles
D) Extracellular digestion
E) Substrate feeder

A. Organisms that have one opening for both entry of food and exit of undigested food. C D E B A B. Vacuole which contains foreign substances that fuses with lysosome which is involved with cellular digestion. C D E B A C. Clams suck in water to strain small organisms and dissolved nutrients found in water. C D E B A D. Larvae that thrive on the source of its food such as fly larvae staying on meat surface. C D E B A E. Mushrooms excrete enzymes within its surrounding where digestive cells and nutrients are transferred back through body fluid.

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ENY 3005 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Feces, Gastrointestinal Tract, Malpighian Tubule System

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