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emeraldsea-lion640Lv1

28 Sep 2019

For carbohydrates, proteins, nucleicacids and triglycerides describe how they are hydrolyzed in thedigestive tract. Identify the parts of the digestive tract in whichthe different biomolecules are hydrolyzed, and give one example ofan enzyme that hydrolyzes each type of biomolecule.

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leeviekenLv3

11 Dec 2021

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28 Sep 2019

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Matt and Maria have now received and begun to eat their Chinese takeout. They have accomplished biting off a portion of a piece of their General Tso's chicken and rice and proceeded to chew and swallow. For this report, you will describe the path the chicken and rice follows and the physiological processing that take place to convert the chicken and rice into their nutritional components that can be used by the body for energy and homeostatic processes. Consider the following as you proceed through your research and discussion of this topic.

1.Through which organs, and in what order does the bolus of food travel?

2. How long does the food remain in each segment of the digestive tract and what physiological processing takes place during this time?

3. What role does the autonomic nervous system play in controlling the movement of food through the digestive tract? What other physical or physiological factors can impact the movement of food though the digestive tract?

4. What specific enzyme or other digestive substances are associated with each segment of the digestive tract and which cells produce these substances? What specific components of the chicken and rice (proteins, carbohydrates, etc.) are processed by each of these substances?

5. What role do the accessory digestive organs play in the process? What are the specific cells of each of these accessory organs and what substances do they produce? Where in the digestive tract are the substances introduced into the digestive process?

6.What is the ultimate fate of the digested chicken and rice? What was the initial biological structure of the nutritional components first consumed (example proteins breaking down to their simpler components) and what are the resulting products resulting from digestion that are now ready and available for use by the body for energy and homeostasis?

7. What is the fate of the solid and fluid components that are not absorbed into the body? When and where does control of movement of digestive tract content transition from the autonomic nervous system controlled smooth muscles to peripheral nervous system control of voluntary skeletal muscles?

peachbat46

5. Fats A. Chemical digestion of lipids occurs primarily in the small intestine. Before enzymes can break down fats like triglycerides (the most common type of fat in our foods), they must undergo emulsification. Describe the process of emulsification. Name the substance which performs this job. Name the organ that synthesizes this substance. Name the organ which stores and concentrates this substance. How does this substance get into the duodenum of the small intestine? B. After fats are emulsified, they are chemically digested. What is the general name for enzymes which digest fats? Name all of the organs which synthesize and secrete this enzyme into the digestive tract. C. Cholesterol is a type of fat. Why is it important to have some cholesterol in our diets? Why is it important not to have too much cholesterol in our diets?

6. Waste Production A. The large intestine AKA colon is the digestive organ which produces feces. Starting with the cecum and ending with the anus, name ALL parts of the large intestine in order. B. How does the large intestine convert liquid waste from the small intestine into solid waste to be eliminated from the body? C. Name 5 components of fecal matter. NOTE that the small intestine absorbs ALL of the digestible carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in our diets; thus, these nutrients must NOT be in your list.

raspberryhorse51

1. Which organ is responsible for balancing the amount ofglucose floating around in the blood? (it stores excess glucosewhen there is too much and releases glucose into the bloodstreamwhen there isn't enough)

Select one:

a. liver

b. pancreas

c. spleen

d. stomach

2. The gastrointstinal tract has 4 basic layers. Which layer isthe one that comes in contact with the food that you eat?

Select one:

a. serosa

b. submucosa

c. muscularis

d. mucosa

3. Which digestive organ contains 3 layers of muscle tissue inthe muscularis?

Select one:

a. esophagus

b. large intestine

c. stomach

d. anus

The esophagus is the first organ in the digestive tract thatsecretes digestive enzymes to begin the chemical (molecular)breakdown of food.

Select one:

True

False

Gastric ulcers are often caused by bacterial infection.

Select one:

True

False

Lactose intolerance causes gas, bloating and stomach achesbecause undigested sugar molecules, called lactose, end up gettingdigested by bacteria in the intestines. When they digest it, theyproduce lots of gases.

Select one:

True

False

7. The lower esophageal sphincter prevents food in the stomachfrom backing up into the esophagus.

Since the esophagus is not equipped to handle the harsh acids inthe stomach, when food (mixed with stomach acids) does back up intothe esophagus, you get symptoms such as heart burn. This is calledgastroesophageal reflux (or "reflux").

When reflux is left untreated for many years, the person becomesa trisk for esophageal cancer. This is because the esophagus gets"burned" by the acids over and over again which can eventuallytrigger the development of cancerous cells.

Select one:

True

False

Peristalsis is defined as the rhythmic contractions of thedigestive system that pushes food along the digestive tract.

Select one:

True

False