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The activity of acetyl-CoA carboxylase may be increased by increasing the cellular

concentration of:

You may circle more than one answer in some cases.

A. FADH

B. citrate.

C. malonyl-CoA.

D. palmitoyl-CoA.

E. insulin

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Jamar Ferry
Jamar FerryLv2
28 Sep 2019

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Related questions

6. During fasting the liver pyruvate kinase enzyme is :

A. inhibited by phosphorylation by PKA

B. activated by phosphorylation by PKA

C. located in the mitochondria

D. activated by ATP

_______7. Phosphorylation of glycogen phosphorylase kinase by PKA in the liver:

A. activates of glycogen synthase

B. inactivates of glycogen synthase

C. inactivates of glycogen phosphorylase kinase

D. activates of glycogen phosphorylase kinase

_____8. In the skeletal muscle when a football player runs sprints during practice, the NADH produced in glycolysis at the glyceraldehydes 3-phosphate step is re-oxidized primarily by:

A. Malate dehydrogenase

B. Lactate dehydrogenase

C. Pyruvate dehydrogenase

D. Isocitrate dehydrogenase

_____9. Which of the following compounds is an allosteric activator of pyruvate carboxylase?

A. Biotin

B. Acetyl CoA

C. NADH

D. insulin

______10. Fatty acids with an odd number of carbon atoms and certain branched-chain fatty acids can support the net synthesis of glucose because they:

A. are converted to acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate

B. are converted to malonyl-CoA

C. can produce propionyl-CoA which is converted to succinyl-CoA

D. Increase the NAD/NADH ratio

1) Glycolysis and gluconeogenesis are tightly controlled. Which of the following are activators of glycolysis?

A. Acetyl-CoA, insulin, alanine, citrate, ATP

B. ATP, F2,6BP, F1,6BP, insulin

C. F2,6BP, AMP, ADP, F1,6BP, insulin

D. Acetyl-CoA, ATP, glucagon, alanine, citrate

2)Which statement does NOT explain, why many biochemical processes are carried out via multi-step pathways rather than by single-step reactions (or only a few steps)?

A. Multi-step pathways allow for more control points to regulate biochemical processes.

B. There is greater control over the amounts of energy that are consumed or released at any one time.

C. Sharing of intermediates between pathways is facilitated this way.

D. The end products of most pathways can usually be produced only by the pathway reactions that nature has evolved.

3) Substrate-level phosphorylation is a term given to product formation resulting in ________.

A) Lipid oxidation

B) Lipid hydrolysis

C) ADP Phosphorylation

D) ATP hydrolysis

1. Integrated metabolism

A. A molecule of glucose that you eat can eventually be transformed into part of a fatty acid that you store. Circle the pathways/cycles below that are part of this overall flow of carbon atoms. Cross out any that are not.

Gluconeogenesis, beta-oxidation, citric acid cycle, glycolysis, urea cycle, fatty acid synthesis

B. Trace the metabolic path of this glucose molecule through the enzymes it encounters along the way to being made into fat. Write all the enzymes in the list below into the proper places in the figure below. If the enzyme is not used, write its name in a “not used" column. If it is used, write the enzyme in the order that the carbon atoms from glucose encounter the enzymes.

Pyruvate dehydrogenase, fumarase, aldolase, lactate dehydrogenase, pyruvate kinase, acetyl CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase, hexokinase, carnitine acyltransferase, ATP synthase

B. What is the minimum number of glucose molecules that would be necessary to be the carbon source for synthesis of a 16-carbon fatty acid through this pathway?

C. How many net glucose can be made from one molecule of a 16-carbon fatty acid?

2. Describe each cycle/transport system (compounds, compartments, tissues) and explain its purpose:

A. citrate transport system

B. Cori cycle

C. glucose/alanine cycle

3.

Explain the logic of these pathway regulations:

A. Phosphofructokinase, not hexokinase, is the main regulation site of glycolysis.

B. SuccinylCoA inhibits the entry of acetyl CoA into the citric acid cycle.

C. NADH inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase.

D. Citrate inhibits the citric acid cycle and activates acetyl-CoA carboxylase.

E. Insulin leads to activation of glycogen synthase.

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