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What is chromosome painting? How do chromosomes appear during metaphase? During interphase?

How does chromosome painting differ from single-gene FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization)?

How can single-gene FISH be used to tell whether a chromosome has replicated or not?

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Irving Heathcote
Irving HeathcoteLv2
29 Sep 2019

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Related questions

1). Explain the significance of the fact that gametes contain half of the chromosome complement of somatic cells. Tell me something about variation, if you have a sibling (if you don't imagine you do) - how is your sibling's genetic make-up similar and/or different from yours? What about your mom and dad?

2). Explain the terms reductional division and equational division. What is reduced or kept equal? To which nuclear divisions do these terms refer?

3). What is the diploid number (2n = ?) of an organism if it has
a) 12 chromosomes at Anaphase of Mitosis?
b) 12 chromosomes at Anaphase I of Meiosis?
c) 12 chromosomes at Anaphase II of Meiosis?

4). Compare/contrast Metaphase I of Meiosis with Metaphase of Mitosis.

5). What are the two mechanisms of variation in Meiosis, and during which stage(s) does each occur?

6). Draw a diagram of a bivalent and label the following parts: centromere, sister chromatids, non-sister chromatids, homologous chromosomes, chiasma.

7). A diploid cell has 1 pair of acrocentric chromosomes (Chromosome 1) and 1 pair of submetacentric chromosomes (Chromosome 2).
· Gene X is on Chromosome 1. Gene Y is on the short arm of Chromosome 2 and Gene Z is on the long arm of Chromosome 2.
· The maternal chromosomes have the X, y, z alleles, whereas the paternal chromosomes have the x, Y, Z alleles.
Draw these chromosomes, labeling ALL alleles, as they might appear in Metaphase I of Meiosis.

I'll be thankful if someone can help me to do this!

According to this:

Read the following New York Times article and then answer the questions below and then answer the questions New Clues to Sex Anomalies in How Y Chromosomes Are Copied

http://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/15/science/15chrom.html?scp=1&sq=sex%20anomalies&st=cse

This activity contains 5 questions.

1. When discarding bad genes, what does the Y chromosome recombine with?
the other Y chromosome
the compliment X chromosome
itself
nothing
2. What holds a pair of copied chromosomes together?
chromatid
centrosome
centromere
chromatin
3. A person with Turner's syndrome has which of the following?
a single X chromosome
two X chromosomes
a single Y chromosome
two Y chromosomes
4. Where is the male-determining gene on the Y chromosome?
close to the end of the right arm
close to the end of the left arm
near the middle of the right arm
near the middle of the left arm

5.

Briefly explain how an individual can have some cells with no Y chromosome and other cells with a double-Y chromosome . (in your response, go beyond the article, search the web, use experiences from your life, broaden your horizons)

You must make 2 reflective, thoughtful, deep, constructive critiques of your class mates posts. as part of a threaded discussion following their initial post. The critiques must not about you, but about science!

Here's the first peson. Needs to reply for some of her answers as it says above.

1. When discarding bad genes, the Y chromosomes recombines with itself.

2. The centromere functions to hold a pair of copied chromosomes together.

3. A person with Turner’s syndrome is born with a single X chromosome.

4. The male-determining gene on the Y chromosome is located close to the end of the left arm.

5. An individual can have some cells with no Y chromosomes and other cells with double Y chromosomes, due to the differing variants present in regards to the genotypes of the cells in a single individual. When the Y chromosome is compared to other chromosomes such as the X chromosome, mutations and deviation in the distance of the centromere are much more prevalent due to the Y chromosome lacking a backup system to promote repairs.1 (Links to an external site.) Even if a mutation caused a condition such as the XYY syndrome where two Y chromosomes are present, that mutation and genotype would not be present in every single cell of the individual.2 (Links to an external site.) The presence of different genotypes offers an tentative explanation to as why a single individual can have some cells with no Y chromosomes while also housing other cells with double Y chromosomes.

Source 1 http://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/15/science/15chrom.html

Source 2 https://www.healthline.com/health/xyy-syndrome

Here's the second person. Needs to do the same as it says above.

1. Itself

2. Centromere

3. A single X chromosome

4. Close to the end of the left arm

5. Briefly explain how an individual can have some cells with no Y chromosome and other cells with a double-Y chromosome.

In some cases, the Y chromosome reaches over to a neighboring counterpart and the two chromosomes fuse. This results in the loss of part of the chromosome. Jacob’s Syndrome is sometimes also called XYY syndrome because the person has two Y chromosomes. Although a person can survive with this genetic mutation, some physical traits may be observed such as taller than average height, weak muscle development or late speech development.

Source 1 https://www.healthline.com/health/xyy-syndrome

Source 2 http://www.isna.org/faq/y_chromosome

A. Since it takes 40 min. to replicate the E. coli chromosome,how can the cell have a cell cycle of 35 minutes?


B.What would happen to a bacterial chromosome during celldivision if it were not connected to the membrane?


C. How do eukaryotes divide their pairs of chromosomes into twoseparate cells?


D. How could you isolate a loss of function mutation is anessential gene when mutating the gene can kill the cell?


E. How is it possible that a single gene like ftsZ can havemutations that have different phenotypes?


F. What would minC mutant bacterial look like?


G.Why is recombination after replication only a problem fro abacterium that has a circular chromosome and not a linearchromosome?


H.Why do bacterial have to attach their chromosomes to themembrane for effective separation, whereas eukarotes do not?


I.Why is the classical signal transduction pathway so complex,why not simply have the growth factor receptor activate thetranscription factor?


J.What is the phenotype of a cell that is heterozygous for a RASoncogenic mutation?


K. How does p53 communicate with Rb?


L. What is the phenotype of a cell that is heterozygous for aloss of function p53 mutant?


M. Rb is only acted upon by Cyclin/CDK, how can it integrate DNAdamage signal from p53?

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