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20 Apr 2018

*Why the plasma membrane is afluid mosaic?

*How to calculate surface areaand volume andsurface area to volumeratios

*How the rates of increase forsurface area andvolume change as a cellgrows

*Why the changes in surface areato volume ratio dueto a cell’s growth are critical acell’s ability to move

materialacross the plasmamembrane

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Bunny Greenfelder
Bunny GreenfelderLv2
21 Apr 2018

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Related questions

1.) For a bacterial cell with a diameter of 1 um and a protist with a diameter 15 um, what is the volume, surface area, and surface-to-volume (S:V) ratio for each cell assuming a perfect sphere? How would the surface-to-volume ratios change if you included the internal organelle membranes assuming it added 15 times the area of the plasma membrane?

2.) The brain weighs roughly 1 kg and contains 10^12 cells. Calculate the average volume of a brain cell assuming that each cell is filled entirely with water and 1 cubic centimeter of water weighs 1 g. What is the diameter of the average nerve assuming a perfect sphere?

A set of erythrocytes is placed in a beaker of 0.9% NaCl.Nothing appears to happen to the cells. Why?

0.9% NaCl is hypertonic to the cells.

Sodium blocks the movement of water.

0.9% NaCl is hypotonic to the cells.

0.9% NaCl is iostonic to the cells.

water has not moved at all.

Question 2

Select one answer.

Which substance would be mostlikely to pass through a lipid bilayer/plasma membrane withoutembedded proteins?

water

a steroid hormone

a large fatty acid

a large peptide hormone

a sodium ion

Question 3

Select all that apply.

Which of the following can cross the cell’s plasmamembrane without the assistance of protein transporters?Select all that apply.

large polar molecules

positively charged ions

small hydrophobic molecules

gasses

Question 4

Select one answer.

Biological Membranesare:

symmetrical.

impermeable.

static.

dynamic.

Question 5

Select one answer.

How does the selectivepermeability of the membrane help the cell.

This allows the cell to maintain the proper shape.

This allows the cell to regulate what enters and exits

This allows the cell to maintain a constant temperature.

All of these

Question 6

Select one answer.

What is the role of carbohydratesin the plasma membrane?

cellular identification

adhesion

transport materials across the membrane

help maintain fluidity

Question 7

Select one answer.

Which component of the plasmamembrane has the widest variety of functions?

sterols

carbohydrates

phospholipids

proteins

Question 8

Select one answer.

All of the following have aneffect on the fluidity of a membrane except:

interactions among fatty acids in the core of the bilayer

the cholesterol content

the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids

the presence of integral proteins in the membrane


Time to move 10 microns
(typical size of animal cell)

Object radius (nm) D(cm^2/s) time (sec)
oxygen 0.2 2*10-5 0.02
sucrose 0.5 5*10-6 0.13
insulin 1.4 1.6*10-8 0.3
hemoglobin 2.5 7*10-7 0.2
HIV 100 2.2*10-10 23
bead 250 8.9*10-9 56
bacteria 750 1.8*10-10 170

1b. What would be the appropriate units for the diffusion coefficient in this example? (2). Cm^2/s

1c. What would be another set of units that might also apply to diffusion coefficients? m^2/s

2. Cell Surface to Volume issues – this question asks students to become familiar with basic formulas used to calculate surface area and volume, and to understand how much surface area and volume change when the diameter of a cell (or organism) gets larger. It also gives practice in understanding the (confusing) concept of surface area to volume ratios. Finally, an important example of biological compensation for such matters is presented.

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