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11 Dec 2019

Solutions of Ammonia are sometimes used as household cleaners. We need to prepare 1.2 L of a 0.50 M solution of ammonia, NH3 (MW=17.03 g/mol), from a concentrated ammonium hydroxide solution, which contains 28.0 wt% ammonia.

(a) How many moles of ammonia, are required to prepare this solution?

(b) What volume of the concentrated ammonium hydroxide solution (d=0.899 g/mL) do we need to make this solution?

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Related questions

1) A buffer solution is 0.460 M in H2CO3 and 0.280 M in KHCO3 . If Ka1 for H2CO3 is 4.2 x 10^-7 , what is the pH of this buffer solution?

2)How many grams of solid potassium nitrite should be added to 1.00 L of a 0.300 M nitrous acid solution to prepare a buffer with a pH of 4.184 ?

3)How many grams of solid ammonium chloride should be added to 1.50 L of a 0.250 M ammonia solution to prepare a buffer with a pH of 9.960 ?

4) An aqueous solution contains 0.460 M acetic acid.
Calculate the pH of the solution after the addition of 3.74ƃĀ—10-2 moles of potassium hydroxide to 225 mL of this solution.
(Assume that the volume does not change upon adding potassium hydroxide)

5)An aqueous solution contains 0.379 M ammonia.
Calculate the pH of the solution after the addition of 1.76ƃĀ—10-2 moles of nitric acid to 125 mL of this solution.
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6)An aqueous solution contains 0.460 M acetic acid.
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(Assume that the volume does not change upon adding potassium hydroxide).

7)An aqueous solution contains 0.379 M ammonia.
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An ammonia (NH3) solution composed of 28.0 g NH3 for every 72.0g water flows into a 500.0 gallon tank. The density of thissolution density= 0.8980 g/mL.

a) What is the molarity of this solution?

b) If you need to fill the 500.0 gallon tank in 150.0 s, what isthe flow rate of ammonia solution into the tank?

c)How many moles of ammonia are in the tank when it isfilled?

d) Before the ammonia solution enters the tank, it flows througha 20.0 m long pipe with a cross-sectional diameter of 10.0 cm. Atthe flow rate you calculated above, how long would it take, onaverage, for the solution to flow between the pipe inlet andoutlet?

1. You will investigate three reactions in this experiment. In the space provided below, write the balanced molecular and net ionic equations from the descriptions of the reactions. Use the table of standard heats of formation in your text (or another approved resource) to calculate the molar enthalpies of the reactions.

Reaction 1: An aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide reacts with an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid, yielding water.

Reaction 2: An aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide reacts with an aqueous solution of ammonium chloride, yielding aqueous ammonia, NH3, and water.

Reaction 3: An aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid reacts with aqueous ammonia, NH3, yielding aqueous ammonium chloride.

Reaction

Balanced reaction equation

ƎĀ”H (kJ)

1

2

3

2. For each reaction you perform, you will mix together 50.0 mL of 2.00 M acid and 2.00 M base. What are the resulting concentrations of the reactants upon mixing?

3. How many moles of each reactant are present in each trial?

4. What is the total volume of the solutions upon mixing? Assuming a density of 1.03 g/mL for the solution, find the total mass of each reaction mixture.

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