IMED2001 Study Guide - Final Guide: Hepatocyte, Streptococcal Pharyngitis, Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
30 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
IMED2001: Revision Notes 5
Haemolysis:
1. Alpha haemolysis !
2. Beta harmolysis !
-eg. STREP PYOGENES!
-Necrotising fasiciitis, strep throat and rheumatic fever!
-eg. STREP AGALACTIAE!
-newborns especially!
-can cause sepsis and meningitis!
-inflammation of meninges in brain!
3. Gemma haemolysis!
KOCH’S POSTULATES:
-eg. TB (mycobacterium tuberculosis)!
Helicobactor Pylori:
-(spirochetes; helical shaped) !
-causes PEPTIC ULCER!
Alexander Flemming:
-> penicillin!
Examples of antibiotic classes:
-Sulfonamides !
--> important in folic acid synthesis !
-Quinolones !
--> important in malaria (not so much used now because of resistance)!
Mechanism of Action of Antibiotics:
1) inhibition of cell wall synthesis!
2) Interfere with protein production!
3) Folate synthesis inhibition!
4) Cell membrane depolarisation (lipopeptides - daptomycin)!
Mechanisms of AB resistance:
1) active removal of AB!
2) Inhibit AB entry!
3) Bacterial enzymes (beta-lectamase which degrades beta-lectems eg. Penicillin) !
4) Alter AB target (PBP2a: MRSA - staph aureus)
