BIOLOGY 3FF3 Midterm: Backup of Exam sheet.wbk
26 Dec 2016
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How does hiv cause aids? (immune system, t cells, pattern of infection) (p. 8) Why is hiv fatal? (short-sighted evolution, collapse of immune system, new coreceptor) 32 allele and hiv resistance, regional difference. Direct observation of change through time (soapberry bugs) (p. 40) Adding selection to hwe (change allele frequencies and genotype frequencies) Fruit fly adh locus (ethanol vs. control selection) Vestigial organs (kiwis, snakes, humans at beetles structural, chicks developmental, cmah gene in humans molecular) (p. 42) Fossil record: extinction (irish elk), law of succession (armadillos), transitional forms (archaeopteryx, basilosaurus, ambulocetus) (p. 44) Age of earth, geologic timescale, radiometrics -60. Evolution of flower colour in snapdragons (p. 78) Evolution of beak shape in finches (p. 80) Issues that complicate how heritabilities are estimated. Natural selection acts on individuals, but consequences occur in populations. Ns acts of phenotypes, but evolution consists of changes in allele frequencies. New traits can evolve, even though ns acts on existing traits (corn oil content, panda thumb)
