LINGUIST 1A03 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Articulatory Phonetics, Vocal Tract, Syllabic Consonant
13 Dec 2016
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The(cid:455) do(cid:374)"t judge people o(cid:374) ho(cid:449) the(cid:455) use their la(cid:374)guage. Take a descriptive approach, describe how its used, not prescriptive, prescribe how to use it. Human language differs from species language in articulatory, auditory and neural system. Linguists specifically interested in how our language knowledge is represented and organized in human mind. Phonology: how mental grammar of language organized sound. Morphology: strategies languages use to form words. Syntax: languages combine words to make sentences. Semantics: meaning of how words and sentences are organized in mind. Every language has a finite set of words and principles, but can use finite vocab and finite principles to generate infinite number of sentences. Human grammar is generative: generate infinite words and sentences. Generality: all languages have grammar and sound system. Universality: all languages have some common properties. Inaccessibility: almost all knowledge in mental grammar is unconscious knowledge. English spelling was standardized hundreds of years ago. Phonetic transcription: written records of spoken language.
