PSYCH 1X03 Study Guide - Final Guide: Slot Machine, Twin, Fundamental Attribution Error

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Anecdotal evidence evidence gathered from others or from self-experience. Experiment scientific tool used to measure the effect of one variable on another. Independent variable - variable manipulated by the scientist. Dependent variable - variable being observed by the scientist. Within-subjects design manipulating the independent variable within each participant to minimize the effect of the external variables on the dependent measure. Practice affect improved performance over the course of an experiment due to becoming more experienced. Between subjects design one group acts as the control group. Confounding variable a variable other than the independent variable that has an effect on the results. Random sample choosing a sample at random from entire population. Random assignment assigning to experimental or control groups randomly. Placebo effect effect that occurs when an individual exhibits a response to a treatment that has no related therapeutic affect. Participant bias went to participants actions in the experiment influence the results outside of the manipulations of the experimenter.