PSY 102 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Myelin, Axon Terminal, Neurotransmission
14 Dec 2017
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Document Summary
Neurons are the brain"s communicators - there are approximately 68 billion neurons with. Cell body (soma): center of neuron; builds new cell components. Dendrites: branchlike extensions that receive information from other neurons. Axons: tails of the neuron that spread out from the cell body. Axon terminal: end of the axon containing synaptic vesicles filled with neurotransmitters. **neurotransmitters (nts): chemical messengers that allow neuron to neuron communication. When nts are released, they bind with receptor sites of the next neuron. Astrocytes: most abundant, it is found in the blood-brain barrier, it increases reliablility or neuronal transmission as well as controlling the blood flow to the brain. Oligodendrocytes: promotes new connections, as well as producing the myelin sheath around the axons. Myelin sheath: glial cells wrapped around axons that act as insulators of the neuron"s signal. Resting potential: when the neuron is not being stimulated or inhibited.
