BIOL 205 Study Guide - Final Guide: Klinefelter Syndrome, Zygote, Fundamental Theorem Of Arithmetic

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emeraldalpaca286

21 Dec 2016

School

University of Calgary

Department

Biology

Course

BIOL 205

Professor

Elke Lohmeier- Vogel

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Document Summary

Chapter 8 - cellular basis of reproduction and inheritance: Cellular division: when a cell undergoes reproduction, the two daughter cells are genetically identical to the parent cell. Asexual reproduction: creation of genetically identical offspring by a single parent, without the participation of sperm and egg. Sexual reproduction: requires fertilization of an egg by a sperm, offspring generally resemble their parents but are not identical: can produce a great variation among offspring. Mitosis: eukaryotic cell division follows a sequence of events leading up to cell division: interphase: the growth phase, and high metabolic activity. Plate, grows outwards eventually the membrane of the cell plate fuses with the plasma membrane and the cell plates contents join the parental cell wall, each bounded by its own plasma membrane and cell wall. Normal growth and development are dependent on control of cell division by: the presence of essential nutrients, ex. energy is required for growth, growth factors, ex. small peptide hormones, density dependent inhibition.

Related Questions

What type of daughter cells are produced during meiosis?

A. genetically distinct due to crossing over

B. genetically identical to the mother cell

C. genetically identical to each other

D. genetically aneuploids

What is NOT a benefit of asexual reproduction compared to sexual reproduction?

A. The offspring will be as successful in the habitat as the parent.

B. all members of the population can reproduce themselves

C. The only source of variation in the next generation is mutation.

D. They do not require another organism of the opposite sex.

In what phase of meiosis does Independent assortment of homologous chromosomes occur?

A. meiosis I

B. interphase

C. cytokinesis

D. meiosis II

In what phase of meiosis does Independent assortment of homologous chromosomes occur?

A. meiosis I

B. interphase

C. cytokinesis

D. meiosis II

13. Meiosis differs from mitosis in that:
a. meiosis results in the production of two new cells, whilemitosis results in the production for four new
cells., b. meiosis is used for growth and repair, while mitosis isused for production of eggs and sperm., c.
cytokinesis can be unequal following meiosis, but is approximatelyequal following mitosis., d. meiosis
involves one cell division, while mitosis involves two celldivisions., e. meiosis results in the production of
diploid cells, while mitosis results in the production of haploidcells.
14. Bits of maternal and paternal chromosomes are exchanged betweenhomologous chromosomes during
synapsis of meiosis I. This process is called:
a. crossing over., b. random mating., c. random fertilization., d.random shuffling of parental
chromosomes.,
e. mutation.
15. The advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproductionis that:
a. all young are genetically identical to the parent., b. malesmust evolve a copulatory organ., c. genetic
variability in the population is increased., d. females must evolvea vagina., e. mates are not needed.
16. Many different types of information are used to constructphylogenetic trees. Which of the following types
of information is the most direct measure of evolutionaryrelatedness?
a. physiology, b. gene sequence data, c. the fossil record, d.information about the structure of ribosomes.,
e. information about the structure of enzymes
17. A species is:
a. a group of individuals that can interbreed under naturalconditions and produce fertile offspring., b.
denoted by both a genus and a species name., c. the onlybiologically defined taxon., d. a group of
organisms with a large number of traits in common., e. all of theabove.
18. The process of spermatogenesis results in:
A. 4 diploid sperm; B. 1 diploid sperm and 3 haploid polar bodies;C. 1 haploid sperm and 3 haploid
polar bodies; D. 4 haploid sperm
19. Which cell division process results in an unequal division ofthe cytoplasm?
A. Spermatogenesis; B. Testiculargenesis; C. Oogenesis; D. None ofthe above
20. Meiosis is the process by which:
A. 1 diploid cell becomes 4 haploid cells; B. 1 diploid cellbecomes 1 haploid cell and 3 haploid polar
bodies; C. 1 haploid cell becomes 4 diploid cells; D. Both A andB
21. The phase of mitosis where chromosomes line up at the equator(middle) of the cell is called:
A. Anaphase; B. Telophase; C. Interphase; D. Metaphase
22. Chromosome #6 from Mom and Chromosome #6 from Dad form achromosome pair called:
A. Sister Chromatids; B. Centromeres; C. Homologous Chromosomes; D.Spindle Apparatus

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Every year, the viral strains included in vaccinations for the flu are slightly different, based on the prevalence of the strains present the previous year. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the vaccinations and the treatment of viral infections like the flu?

	A.	When someone who is vaccinated encounters the virus they were vaccinated for, antigens are produced triggering destruction of the virus.
	B.	Antibodies are built up in response to viral antigens, making those with vaccines more susceptible to viral infection.
	C.	Viruses mutate quickly due to overuse of antibiotics.
	D.	Vaccinations involve introducing an antigen of a virus into the immune system, which stimulates the production of antibodies.

Recall that HIV is a retrovirus. Based on that, which of the following would NOT be an effective drug target for treatment of HIV?

	A.	Translation inhibitors
	B.	Integrase inhibitors
	C.	Reverse transcriptase inhibitors

The type of horizontal gene transfer that specifically requires a virus to transfer DNA from donor to recipient is called:

	A.	transformation.
	B.	conjugation.
	C.	transduction.
	D.	binary fission.

Binary fission differs from mitosis in that

	A.	binary fission occurs in prokaryotes, and mitosis happens in eukaryotes.
	B.	binary fission does not have a step to duplicate the genetic information, and mitosis does.
	C.	binary fission creates daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell, while mitosis introduces genetic variation.
	D.	binary fission does not have a step to separate the parent cell into two daughter cells, and mitosis does.

Bacteria contain ______ in their cell walls, while Archaea contain _____ in their cell walls.

	A.	chitin; peptidoglycan
	B.	peptidoglycan; pseudopeptidoglycan
	C.	pseudopeptidoglycan; peptidoglycan
	D.	peptidoglycan; chitin
	E.	cellulose; chitin

BIOL 205 Study Guide - Final Guide: Klinefelter Syndrome, Zygote, Fundamental Theorem Of Arithmetic

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